[1] Stachler RJ, Chandrasekhar SS, Archer SM, et al. Clinical practice guideline: sudden hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2012; 146(3 Suppl), S1−S35.
[2] Purushothaman G, Purushothaman PK, Simham S, et al. A retrospective study of the clinical characteristics and post-treatment hearing outcome in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Audiol Res, 2017; 7, 168.
[3] Eftekharian A, Amizadeh M. Pulse steroid therapy in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Laryngoscope, 2016; 126, 150−5. doi:  10.1002/lary.25244
[4] Ajduk J, Ries M, Trotic R, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as salvage therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. J Int Adv Otol, 2017; 13, 61−4. doi:  10.5152/iao.2017.3185
[5] Chi TH, Chiang MC, Chen RF, et al. Does the addition of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to conventional treatment modalities influence the outcome of soldiers with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss? J R Army Med Corps, 2018; 164, 69−71. doi:  10.1136/jramc-2017-000872
[6] Dziedzic T. Systemic inflammation as a therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke. Expert Rev Neurother, 2015; 15, 523−31. doi:  10.1586/14737175.2015.1035712
[7] Quaranta N, De Ceglie V, D’Elia A. Endothelia dysfunction in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a review. Audiol Res, 2016; 6, 151.
[8] Liquan C, Gaohua Z, Zhanhui Z, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts diagnosis and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2018; 97, e12492. doi:  10.1097/MD.0000000000012492
[9] Rider D, Furusho H, Xu S, et al. Elevated CD14 (cluster of differentiation 14) and toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling deteriorate periapical inflammation in TLR2 deficient mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 2016; 299, 1281−92. doi:  10.1002/ar.23383
[10] Li X, Su L, Zhang X, et al. Ulinastatin downregulates TLR4 and NF-kB expression and protects mouse brains against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neurol Res, 2017; 39, 367−73. doi:  10.1080/01616412.2017.1286541
[11] Lai JL, Liu YH, Liu C, et al. Indirubin Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammation via TLR4 Abrogation Mediated by the NF-kB and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Inflammation, 2017; 40, 1−12. doi:  10.1007/s10753-016-0447-7
[12] Yang CH, Hwang CF, Yang MY, et al. Expression of toll-like receptor genes in leukocytes of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope, 2015; 125, E382−7. doi:  10.1002/lary.25241
[13] Zhang Y, Yang Y, Tang H, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ameliorates local brain metabolism, brain edema and inflammatory response in a blast-induced traumatic brain injury model in rabbits. Neurochem Res, 2014; 39, 950−60. doi:  10.1007/s11064-014-1292-4
[14] Wu ZS, Lo JJ, Wu SH, et al. Early hyperbaric oxygen treatment attenuates burn-induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting the galectin-3-dependent toll-like receptor-4 pathway in a rat model. Int J Mol Sci, 2018; 19, E2195. doi:  10.3390/ijms19082195
[15] Furuhashi A, Matsuda K, Asahi K, et al. Sudden deafness: long term follow-up and recurrence. Clin Otolaryngol, 2002; 27, 458−63. doi:  10.1046/j.1365-2273.2002.00612.x
[16] Attanasio G, Covelli E, Cagnoni L, et al. Does the addition of a second daily session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to intratympanic steroid influence the outcomes of sudden hearing loss? Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital, 2015; 35, 272−76.
[17] Ersoy Callioglu E, Tuzuner A, Demirci S, et al. Comparison of simultaneous systemic steroid and hyperbaric oxygen treatment versus only steroid in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2015; 8, 9876−82.
[18] Alimoglu Y, Inci E, Edizer DT, et al. Comparison of oral steroid, intratympanic steroid, hyperbaric oxygen and oral steroid + hyperbaric oxygen treatments in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss cases. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2011; 268, 1735−41. doi:  10.1007/s00405-011-1563-5
[19] Nash SD, Cruickshanks KJ, Zhan W, et al. Long-term assessment of systemic inflammation and the cumulative incidence of age-related hearing impairment in the epidemiology of hearing loss study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2014; 69, 207−14.
[20] Kaisho T, Akira S. Critical roles of toll-like receptors in host defense. Crit Rev Immunol, 2000; 20, 393−405.
[21] Krysko DV, Agostinis P, Krysko O, et al. Emerging role of damage-associated molecular patterns derived from mitochondria in inflammation. Trends Immunol, 2011; 32, 157−64. doi:  10.1016/j.it.2011.01.005
[22] Chen X, Yu G, Fan S, et al. Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide activates nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and induces cytokine production via Toll-like receptors. Carbohyd Polym, 2014; 105, 113−20. doi:  10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.056
[23] Rinaldi B, Cuzzocrea S, Donniacuo M, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces the toll-like receptor signaling pathway in multiple organ failures. Intensive Care Med, 2011; 37, 1110−9. doi:  10.1007/s00134-011-2241-1
[24] Meng XE, Zhang Y, Li N, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen alleviates secondary brain injury after trauma through inhibition of tlr4/nf-κb signaling pathway. Med Sci Monit, 2016; 22, 284−8. doi:  10.12659/MSM.894148
[25] Li H, Zhao D, Diao M, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen treatments attenuate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2015; 153, 606−12. doi:  10.1177/0194599815589072