2015 Vol. 28, No. 2

Select articles
Chromium Content in the Human Hip Joint Tissues
Barbara Brodziak-Dopiera, Jerzy Kwapuliski, Krzysztof Sobczyk, Danuta Wiechua
2015, 28(2): 89-96. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.011
Objective Chromium has many important functions in the human body. For the osseous tissue, its role has not been clearly defined. This study was aimed at determining chromium content in hip joint tissues. Methods A total of 91 hip joint samples were taken in this study, including 66 from females and 25 from males. The sample tissues were separated according to their anatomical parts. The chromium content was determined by the AAS method. The statistical analysis was performed with U Mann-Whitney's non-parametric test, P≤0.05. Results The overall chromium content in tissues of the hip joint in the study subjects was as follows:5.73 μg/g in the articular cartilage, 5.33 μg/g in the cortical bone, 17.86 μg/g in the cancellous bone, 5.95 μg/g in the fragment of the cancellous bone from the intertrochanteric region, and 1.28 μg/g in the joint capsule. The chromium contents were observed in 2 group patients, it was 7.04 μg/g in people with osteoarthritis and 12.59 μg/g in people with fractures. Conclusion The observed chromium content was highest in the cancellous bone and the lowest in the joint capsule. Chromium content was significantly different between the people with hip joint osteoarthritis and the people with femoral neck fractures.
Medium-Chain Triglyceride Activated Brown Adipose Tissue and Induced Reduction of Fat Mass in C57BL/6J Mice Fed High-fat Diet
ZHANG Yong, XU Qing, LIU Ying Hua, ZHANG Xin Sheng, WANG Jin, YU Xiao Ming, ZHANG Rong Xin, XUE Chao, YANG Xue Yan, XUE Chang Yong
2015, 28(2): 97-104. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.012
Objective To investigate activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) stimulated by medium-chain triglyceride (MCT). Methods 30 Male C57BL/6J obese mice induced by fed high fat diet (HFD) were divided into 2 groups, and fed another HFD with 2% MCT or long-chain triglyceride (LCT) respectively for 12 weeks. Body weight, blood biochemical variables, interscapular brown fat tissue (IBAT) mass, expressions of mRNA and protein of beta 3-adrenergic receptors (β3-AR), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), protein kinase A (PKA), and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in IBAT were measured. Results Significant decrease in body weight and body fat mass was observed in MCT group as compared with LCT group (P<0.05) after 12 weeks. Greater increases in IBAT mass was observed in MCT group than in LCT group (P<0.05). Blood TG, TC, LDL-C in MCT group were decreased significantly, meanwhile blood HDL-C, ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C and norepinephrine were increased markedly. Expressions of mRNA and protein ofβ3-AR, UCP1, PKA, HSL, ATGL in BAT were greater in MCT group than in LCT group (P<0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that MCT stimulated the activation of BAT, possible via norepinephrine pathway, which might partially contribute to reduction of the body fat mass in obese mice fed high fat diet.
Autophagy Accompanied with Bisdemethoxycurcumin-induced Apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
XU Jin Hong, YANG He Ping, ZHOU Xiang Dong, WANG Hai Jing, GONG Liang, TANG Chun Lan
2015, 28(2): 105-115. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.013
Objective To investigate the effects of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, A549, and the highly metastatic lung cancer 95D cells. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to assess the effect of BDMC on cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate apoptosis. Western blot analysis, electron microscopy, and quantification of GFP-LC3 punctuates were used to test the effect of BDMC on autophagy and apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Results BDMC inhibited the viability of NSCLC cells, but had no cytotoxic effects on lung small airway epithelial cells (SAECs). The apoptotic cell death induced by BDMC was accompanied with the induction of autophagy in NSCLC cells. Blockage of autophagy by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) repressed the growth inhibitory effects and induction of apoptosis by BDMC. In addition, BDMC treatment significantly decreased smoothened (SMO) and the transcription factor glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) expression. Furthermore, depletion of Gli1 by siRNA and cyclopamine (a specific SMO inhibitor) induced autophagy. Conclusion Aberrant activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in several human cancers, including lung cancers. The present findings provide direct evidence that BDMC-induced autophagy plays a pro-death role in NSCLC, in part, by inhibiting Hedgehog signaling.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Isoflurane-induced Caspase-3 Activation via Inhibiting Mitochondrial Dysfunction
MIAO Hui Hui, ZHEN Yu, DING Guan Nan, HONG Fang Xiao, XIE Zhong Cong, TIAN Ming
2015, 28(2): 116-126. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.014
Objective The inhalation anesthetic isoflurane has been shown to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation, which may lead to learning and memory impairment. Ginsenoside Rg1 is reported to be neuroprotective. We therefore set out to determine whether ginsenoside Rg1 can attenuate isoflurane-induced caspase activation via inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods We investigated the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 μmol/L and pretreatment times of 12 h and 24 h on isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation in H4 na?ve and stably transfected H4 human neuroglioma cells that express full-length human amyloid precursor protein (APP) (H4-APP cells). For mitochondrial dysfunction, we assessed mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) levels. We employed Western blot analysis, chemiluminescence, and flowcytometry. Results Here we show that pretreatment with 50 μmol/L ginsenoside Rg1 for 12 h attenuated isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in H4-APP cells, while pretreatment with 25 and 50 μmol/L ginsenoside Rg1 for 24 h attenuated isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in both H4 na?ve and H4-APP cells. Conclusion These data suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 may ameliorate isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction. Pending further studies, these findings might recommend the use of ginsenoside Rg1 in preventing and treating isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
Pedestrian Injuries and the Relevant Burden in Shanghai, China:Implications for Control
LI Yan Hong, WANG Chun Fang, SONG Gui Xiang, PENG Juan Juan, ZHOU De Ding, SU Hui Jia, GAO Ning, YU Yan, ZHONG Wei Jian, ZHANG Hong Wei
2015, 28(2): 127-135. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.015
Objective To study the associations of pedestrian injuries with age, income and educational level in Shanghai and to analyze the relative disease burden. Methods Information on pedestrian-related cases and deaths were collected from 494 hospitals and mortality registry systems from 1992 to 2010, and a multistage cluster sampling survey conducted in 2006. Logistic regression model was used in the analyses. Results The age group of 5-9 had the highest mortality and morbidity among children. Mortality increased obviously among those aged 60 or above. Individuals with an educational level under the primary school and with the lower family average income were more likely to suffer pedestrian-related injuries. Multivariate Logistic analysis demonstrated that lower income and lower educational level increased the risk of pedestrian injuries with the odds ratio of 1.40 (95%CI:1.15-1.71) and 1.70 (95%CI:1.20-2-40), respectively. About 13.54% of the share of GDP for the healthcare, social security and welfare industries in Shanghai was occupied by the burden of pedestrian-related injuries in 2006. Conclusion Pedestrian-related injury has inverse association with victims’ income and educational level. Children of 5-9 years old and adults over 60 with lower educational level and lower monthly income are the target persons to be intervened.
The Association between Folate Pathway Genes and Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate in a Chinese Population
JIN Ling Ling, CHEN Er Jun, HOU Wei, LIU Xin Hua, HU Ying
2015, 28(2): 136-139. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.016
Intrauterine Exposure to Maternal Diabetes is Associated with Adiposity in Children at 6 Years of Age in China
CHANG Ying, CHEN Xu, ZHANG Zhi Kun
2015, 28(2): 140-142. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.017
The Relationship between Working Conditions and Adverse Health Symptoms of Employee in Solar Greenhouse
ZHANG Min, WANG Xiu Feng, CUI Xiu Min, WANG Jian, YU Shi Xin
2015, 28(2): 143-147. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.018
Protective Effects of Shikonin on Brain Injury Induced by Carbon Ion Beam Irradiation in Mice
GAN Lu, WANG Zhen Hua, ZHANG Hong, ZHOU Rong, SUN Chao, LIU Yang, SI Jing, LIU Yuan Yuan, WANG Zhen Guo
2015, 28(2): 148-151. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.019
Follow-up Study of Retreatment TB Patients with Sputum Smear and/or Culture Positive Two Years after They were Declared Cured with First-line Anti-TB Drugs in Shandong Province
LI Fang, SONG Chun Yan, ZHAO Fei, LIANG Ming Li, LIU Zhi Min, GUO Xiao Yan, WANG Yu, HE Guang Xue
2015, 28(2): 152-156. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.020
Preparative Resolution of Gatifloxacin Enantiomers with Pre-Column Esterification Strategy and Comparing Their Enantioselectivity to Bacteria and Antibody
ZHANG Chi Jian, LEI Hong Tao, HUANG Xiao Long, LIU Ying Ju, CAI Kai, XU Zhen Lin, SUN Yuan Ming
2015, 28(2): 157-160. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.021
Inaccuracy of Self-reported Low Sodium Diet among Chinese:Findings from Baseline Survey for Shandong & Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) Project
ZHANG Juan, GUO Xiao Lei, Dong Chul SEO, XU Ai Qiang, XUN Peng Cheng, MA Ji Xiang, SHI Xiao Ming, Nicole LI, YAN Liu Xia, LI Yuan, LU Zi Long, ZHANG Ji Yu, TANG Jun Li, REN Jie, ZHAO Wen Hua, LIANG Xiao Feng
2015, 28(2): 161-167. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.022