| [1] | Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2024; 74, 229−63. doi: 10.3322/caac.21834 |
| [2] | Zhou MG, Wang HD, Zeng XY, et al. Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet, 2019; 394,, 1145−58. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30427-1 |
| [3] | Arnold M, Ferlay J, van Berge Henegouwen MI, et al. Global burden of oesophageal and gastric cancer by histology and subsite in 2018. Gut, . 2020; 69, 1564-71. |
| [4] | Jiang YF, Li ZY, Ji XW, et al. Global pattern and trend of liver cancer survival: a systematic review of population-based studies. Hepatoma Res, 2020; 6, 52. |
| [5] | Lin LF, Li ZY, Yan L, et al. Global, regional, and national cancer incidence and death for 29 cancer groups in 2019 and trends analysis of the global cancer burden, 1990-2019. J Hematol Oncol, 2021; 14, 197. doi: 10.1186/s13045-021-01213-z |
| [6] | Butler J, Foot C, Bomb M, et al. The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership: an international collaboration to inform cancer policy in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Health Policy, 2013; 112, 148−55. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.03.021 |
| [7] | Wei WQ, Zeng HM, Zheng RS, et al. Cancer registration in China and its role in cancer prevention and control. Lancet Oncol, 2020; 21, e342−9. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30073-5 |
| [8] | Li YX, Yu LY, Na J, et al. Survival of cancer patients in Northeast China: analysis of sampled cancers from population-based cancer registries. Cancer Res Treat, 2017; 49, 1106−13. doi: 10.4143/crt.2016.613 |
| [9] | Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med, 2009; 6, e1000097. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 |
| [10] | SEER*Explorer: An interactive website for SEER cancer statistics [Internet]. Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute; 2023 Apr 19. [updated: 2023 Nov 16; cited 2024 Nov 22]. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/statistics-network/explorer/. Data source(s): SEER Incidence Data, November 2023 Submission (1975-2021), SEER 22 registries. |
| [11] | Mariotto AB, Noone AM, Howlader N, et al. Cancer survival: an overview of measures, uses, and interpretation. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr, 2014; 2014, 145−86. doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu024 |
| [12] | Coviello E, Seppä K, Dickman PW, et al. Estimating net survival using a life-table approach. Stata J, 2015; 15, 173−85. doi: 10.1177/1536867X1501500111 |
| [13] | Eloranta S, Smedby KE, Dickman PW, et al. Cancer survival statistics for patients and healthcare professionals-a tutorial of real-world data analysis. J Intern Med, 2021; 289, 12−28. doi: 10.1111/joim.13139 |
| [14] | Bi JH, Li ZY, Tuo JY, et al. Age-standardized relative survival rate and its application in population-based cancer registration. China Cancer, 2021; 30, 861−66. (In Chinese) |
| [15] | Corazziari I, Quinn M, Capocaccia R. Standard cancer patient population for age standardising survival ratios. Eur J Cancer, 2004; 40, 2307−16. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2004.07.002 |
| [16] | Zhang SW, Zheng RS, Zuo TT, et al. Mortality and survival analysis of esophageal cancer in China. Chin J Oncol, 2016; 38, 709−15. (In Chinese) |
| [17] | Wang J, Chen YS, Ding LL, et al. Long-term trend of esophageal cancer survival rate in Qidong, 1972-2016. Chin J Oncol, 2022; 44, 1091−95. (In Chinese) |
| [18] | Sun ZM, He Y, Pan EC, et al. Analysis on incidence, mortality and survival rate of esophageal cancer in Huai’an city in 2010. Mod Prev Med, 2017; 44, 1883−6. (In Chinese) |
| [19] | Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu AP, et al. Survival rate of patients newly diagnosed with malignant cancers in Jiangyin city from 2012 to 2013. China Cancer, 2020; 29, 241−5. (In Chinese) |
| [20] | Sun LL, Liu P, Zhang Q. Analysis of the incidence and survival rate of malignant tumors in Lianyung District, Lianyungang City in 2011. Jiangsu Health Care, 2014; 16, 36−7. (In Chinese) |
| [21] | Hua ZL, Zheng XZ, Xue HC, et al. Long-term trends and survival analysis of esophageal and gastric cancer in Yangzhong, 1991-2013. PLoS One, 2017; 12, e0173896. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173896 |
| [22] | Fu YF, Peng Y, Zhang MY, et al. Survival analysis on patients with malignant cancers in Nanhui District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2004. Chin J Prev Contr Chron Dis, 2009; 17, 85−6. (In Chinese) |
| [23] | Han X, Ni C, Qiao P, et al. Incidence and survival analysis of esophageal cancer patients among permanent residents in Yangpu district of Shanghai during 2002-2012. Acad J Second Mil Med Univ, 2016; 37, 411−7. (In Chinese) |
| [24] | Li XP, Cao GW, Sun Q, et al. Cancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai between 2002 and 2006. Chin J Cancer, 2013; 32, 512−9. (In Chinese) |
| [25] | Ma YT, Lian SY, Liu ZC, et al. Period survival analysis of esophageal cancer in Linzhou city of Henan province. Chin J Pre Med, 2009; 43, 1100−4. (In Chinese) |
| [26] | Liu SZ, Yu L, Chen Q, et al. Incidence and survival of esophageal cancer with different histological types in Linzhou between 2003 and 2012. Chin J Pre Med, 2017; 51, 393−7. (In Chinese) |
| [27] | He M, Tang C, Liang Y, et al. Survival of patients newly diagnosed with malignant tumor in Jiulongpo District of Chongqing City from 2014 to 2016. J Commun Med, 2023; 21, 115−8,23. (In Chinese) |
| [28] | Liu Y, Shi XL, Fan ML, et al. Prevalence status and survival analysis of esophageal cancer in Shehong City from 2016 to 2020. Occup Health Damage, 2023; 38, 76−80. (In Chinese) |
| [29] | Li YH, Lu YQ, Ling W, et al. Survival analysis of patients with malignant tumors in Sihui city between 1987 and 2009. China Cancer, 2017; 26, 596−600. (In Chinese) |
| [30] | He YT, Zeng Y, Xu H, et al. Survival rate among cancer patients in Cixian county, 2000-2002. Chin J Public Health, 2011; 27, 1107−10. (In Chinese) |
| [31] | Cheng YF, Chen HS, Wu SC, et al. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and prognosis in Taiwan. Cancer Med, 2018; 7, 4193−201. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1499 |
| [32] | Swaminathan R, Selvakumaran R, Esmy PO, et al. Cancer pattern and survival in a rural district in South India. Cancer Epidemiol, 2009; 33, 325−31. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2009.09.008 |
| [33] | Rasouli M, Ghadimi MR, Mahmoodi M, et al. Survival analysis of patients with esophageal cancer using parametric cure model. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011; 12, 2359−63. |
| [34] | Deng W, Yang Z, Dong X, et al. Conditional survival in patients with esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer after receiving various treatment modalities. Cancer Med, 2021; 10, 659−74. doi: 10.1002/cam4.3651 |
| [35] | Wang RC, Liu XL, Qi C, et al. Bone metastasis of esophageal carcinoma diagnosed as a first primary tumor: a population-based study. Transl Cancer Res, 2022; 11, 113−23. doi: 10.21037/tcr-21-2104 |
| [36] | Bashash M, Shah A, Hislop G, et al. Incidence and survival for gastric and esophageal cancer diagnosed in British Columbia, 1990 to 1999. Can J Gastroenterol, 2008; 22, 143−8. doi: 10.1155/2008/645107 |
| [37] | Yeole BB, Kumar AV. Population-based survival from cancers having a poor prognosis in Mumbai (Bombay), India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2004; 5, 175−82. |
| [38] | Allemani C, Matsuda T, Di Carlo V, et al. Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet, 2018; 391, 1023−75. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3 |
| [39] | Zhang J, Jiang YZ, Wu CX, et al. Comparison of clinicopathologic features and survival between eastern and western population with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis, 2015; 7, 1780−6. |
| [40] | Arnold M, Rutherford MJ, Bardot A, et al. Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995-2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study. Lancet Oncol, 2019; 20, 1493−505. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5 |
| [41] | Hiripi E, Gondos A, Emrich K, et al. Survival from common and rare cancers in Germany in the early 21st century. Ann Oncol, 2012; 23, 472−9. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdr131 |
| [42] | Faivre J, Forman D, Estève J, et al. Survival of patients with oesophageal and gastric cancers in Europe. Eur J Cancer, 1998; 34, 2167−75. doi: 10.1016/S0959-8049(98)00329-3 |
| [43] | Launoy G, Bossard N, Castro C, et al. Trends in net survival from esophageal cancer in six European Latin countries: results from the SUDCAN population-based study. Eur J Cancer Prev, 2017; 26, S24−31. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000308 |
| [44] | Caetano Dos Santos FL, Michalek IM, Wojciechowska U, et al. Favorable changes in the survival of patients with cancers of digestive organs-Poland, 2000-2019. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2023; 35, 541−9. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000002540 |
| [45] | Pavlík T, Májek O, Büchler T, et al. Trends in stage-specific population-based survival of cancer patients in the Czech Republic in the period 2000-2008. Cancer Epidemiol, 2014; 38, 28−34. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2013.11.002 |
| [46] | An L, Zheng RS, Zeng HM, et al. The survival of esophageal cancer by subtype in China with comparison to the United States. Int J Cancer, 2023; 152, 151−61. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34232 |
| [47] | Zeng HM, Chen WQ, Zheng RS, et al. Changing cancer survival in China during 2003-15: a pooled analysis of 17 population-based cancer registries. Lancet Glob Health, 2018; 6, e555−67. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30127-X |
| [48] | Mafra A, Bardot A, Charvat H, et al. Cancer survival in the northwestern of São Paulo State, Brazil: a population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol, 2023; 83, 102339. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102339 |
| [49] | Afshar N, English DR, Thursfield V, et al. Differences in cancer survival by sex: a population-based study using cancer registry data. Cancer Causes Control, 2018; 29, 1059−69. doi: 10.1007/s10552-018-1079-z |
| [50] | Gavin AT, Francisci S, Foschi R, et al. Oesophageal cancer survival in Europe: a EUROCARE-4 study. Cancer Epidemiol, 2012; 36, 505−12. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2012.07.009 |
| [51] | Hemminki K, Tichanek F, Forsti A, et al. Survival in gastric and esophageal cancers in the Nordic countries through a half century. Cancer Med, 2023; 12, 10212−21. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5748 |
| [52] | Chen JG, Sankaranarayanan R, Shen ZC, et al. Population-based cancer survival: an analysis of 16922 cases. Chin J Oncol, 1998; 20, 202−6. (In Chinese) |
| [53] | Ding LL, Chen YS, Zhang YS, et al. Survival of esophageal cancer 2001~2007 in Qidong. China Cancer, 2011; 20, 341−4. (In Chinese) |
| [54] | Hiripi E, Jansen L, Gondos A, et al. Survival of stomach and esophagus cancer patients in Germany in the early 21st century. Acta Oncol, 2012; 51, 906−14. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2012.673732 |
| [55] | Otterstatter MC, Brierley JD, De P, et al. Esophageal cancer in Canada: trends according to morphology and anatomical location. Can J Gastroenterol, 2012; 26, 723−7. doi: 10.1155/2012/649108 |
| [56] | Al-Kaabi A, Baranov NS, van der Post RS, et al. Age-specific incidence, treatment, and survival trends in esophageal cancer: a Dutch population-based cohort study. Acta Oncol, 2022; 61, 545−52. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2021.2024878 |
| [57] | Lagergren J, Mattson F. Diverging trends in recent population-based survival rates in oesophageal and gastric cancer. PLoS One, 2012; 7, e41352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041352 |
| [58] | Van Putten M, De Vos-Geelen J, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, et al. Long-term survival improvement in oesophageal cancer in the Netherlands. Eur J Cancer, 2018; 94, 138−47. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.02.025 |
| [59] | Shin A, Won YJ, Jung HK, et al. Trends in incidence and survival of esophageal cancer in Korea: analysis of the Korea Central Cancer Registry Database. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2018; 33, 1961−8. doi: 10.1111/jgh.14289 |
| [60] | Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin, 2017; 67, 7−30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21387 |
| [61] | Zeng HM, Zheng RS, Guo YM, et al. Cancer survival in China, 2003-2005: a population-based study. Int J Cancer, 2015; 136, 1921−30. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29227 |
| [62] | Wei KR, Liang ZH, Li ZM. Net survival of major cancers in Zhongshan City of Guangdong Province from 2003 to 2013. China Cancer, 2020; 29, 103−7. (In Chinese) |
| [63] | Li HZ, Du LB, Li QL, et al. Cancer survival in Haining and Jiashan cancer registry areas of Zhejiang Province. China Cancer, 2020; 29, 14−21. (In Chinese) |
| [64] | Zhou Y, Xiang ZS, Ma JY, et al. Survival of cancer patients in Fujian, Southeast China: a population-based cancer registry study. Neoplasma, 2021; 68, 892−8. doi: 10.4149/neo_2021_210203N168 |
| [65] | Fu RY, Sun K, Wang XF, et al. Survival differences between the USA and an urban population from China for all cancer types and 20 individual cancers: a population-based study. Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 2023; 37, 100799. |
| [66] | Chen LP and Xu Q. Analysis on morbidity and survival rate of patients with cancers in a community of Shanghai. Chin J Prev Contr Chron Dis, 2014; 22, 182−5. (In Chinese) |
| [67] | Cheng Y, Liu JH, Liao Q, et al. Population-based incidence, mortality, and survival for gastrointestinal cancers during 2006-2016 in Wuhan, central China. Cancer Manag Res, 2019; 11, 9233−41. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S209925 |
| [68] | Shah MA, Altorki N, Patel P, et al. Improving outcomes in patients with oesophageal cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2023; 20, 390−407. doi: 10.1038/s41571-023-00757-y |
| [69] | Facciorusso A, Ferrusquía J, Muscatiello N. Lead time bias in estimating survival outcomes. Gut, 2016; 65, 538−9. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310199 |
| [70] | Hong SR, Lee YY, Lee J, et al. Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: results of the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2018. Cancer Res Treat, 2021; 53, 330−8. doi: 10.4143/crt.2020.263 |
| [71] | He J, Chen WQ, Li ZS, et al. China guideline for the screening, early detection and early treatment of esophageal cancer (2022, Beijing). Chin J Oncol, 2022; 44, 491−522. (In Chinese) |
| [72] | Wei WQ, Chen ZF, He YT, et al. Long-term follow-up of a community assignment, one-time endoscopic screening study of esophageal cancer in China. J Clin Oncol, 2015; 33, 1951−7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.0423 |
| [73] | Qu HT, Li Q, Hao L, et al. Esophageal cancer screening, early detection and treatment: current insights and future directions. World J Gastrointest Oncol, 2024; 16, 1180−91. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1180 |
| [74] | Chen YL, Yang CH, Li N, et al. Effects of population aging on the mortality burden of related cancers in urban and rural areas of China, 2004-2017: a population-based study. Cancer Biol Med, 2022; 19, 696−706. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0538 |
| [75] | Thrumurthy SG, Chaudry MA, Thrumurthy SSD, et al. Oesophageal cancer: risks, prevention, and diagnosis. BMJ,, 2019; 366, l4373. |
| [76] | Rubenstein JH, Omidvari AH, Lauren BN, et al. Endoscopic screening program for control of esophageal adenocarcinoma in varied populations: a comparative cost-effectiveness analysis. Gastroenterology, 2022; 163, 163−73. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.03.037 |
| [77] | Smyth EC, Lagergren J, Fitzgerald RC, et al. Oesophageal cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2017; 3, 17048. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.48 |
| [78] | Cancer Research UK. Screening for oesophageal cancer. August 16, 2023 [Accessed April 4, 2024]. Available from: https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/oesophageal-cancer/getting-diagnosed/screening. |
| [79] | Xi M, Yang YD, Zhang L, et al. Multi-institutional analysis of recurrence and survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy of esophageal cancer: impact of histology on recurrence patterns and outcomes. Ann Surg, 2019; 269, 663−70. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002670 |
| [80] | Barbetta A, Sihag S, Nobel T, et al. Patterns and risk of recurrence in patients with esophageal cancer with a pathologic complete response after chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2019; 157, 1249-59. e5. |
| [81] | Deng HY, Wang ZQ, Wang YC, et al. Oesophageal adenocarcinoma has a higher risk of lymph node metastasis than squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score-matched study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2017; 52, 958−62. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezx222 |
| [82] | Kou K, Baade PD, Gatton M, et al. Individual- and area-level socioeconomic inequalities in esophageal cancer survival in Shandong province, China: a multilevel analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2019; 28, 1427−34. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-19-0203 |
| [83] | Erhunmwunsee L, Gulack BC, Rushing C, et al. Socioeconomic status, not race, is associated with reduced survival in esophagectomy patients. Ann Thorac Surg, 2017; 104, 234−44. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.01.049 |
| [84] | Darin-Mattsson A, Fors S, Kåreholt I. Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age. Int J Equity Health, 2017; 16, 173. doi: 10.1186/s12939-017-0670-3 |
| [85] | Wu CC, Chang CM, Hsu TW, et al. The effect of individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status on esophageal cancer survival in working-age patients in Taiwan. Medicine (Baltimore), 2016; 95, e4140. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004140 |
| [86] | Bus P, Aarts MJ, Lemmens VEPP, et al. The effect of socioeconomic status on staging and treatment decisions in esophageal cancer. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2012; 46, 833−9. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31824e8ff8 |
| [87] | Geng CX, Gudur AR, Radlinski M, et al. Socioeconomic disparities affect outcomes in early-stage esophageal adenocarcinoma: a SEER analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2023; 21, 2797-806. e6. |
| [88] | Xie SH, Lagergren J. Social group disparities in the incidence and prognosis of oesophageal cancer. United European Gastroenterol J, 2018; 6, 343−8. doi: 10.1177/2050640617751254 |
| [89] | Yang CS, Chen XL. Research on esophageal cancer: with personal perspectives from studies in China and Kenya. Int J Cancer, 2021; 149, 264−76. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33421 |
| [90] | Morita M, Otsu H, Kawano H, et al. Gender differences in prognosis after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Surg Today, 2014; 44, 505−12. doi: 10.1007/s00595-013-0573-x |
| [91] | Xiang ZF, Xiong HC, Hu DF, et al. Age-related sex disparities in esophageal cancer survival: a population-based study in the United States. Front Public Health, 2022; 10, 836914. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.836914 |
| [92] | Mantziari S, Elliott JA, Markar SR, et al. Sex-related differences in oncologic outcomes, operative complications and health-related quality of life after curative-intent oesophageal cancer treatment: multicentre retrospective analysis. BJS Open, 2024; 8, zrae026. doi: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrae026 |
| [93] | Stabellini N, Chandar AK, Chak A, et al. Sex differences in esophageal cancer overall and by histological subtype. Sci Rep, 2022; 12, 5248. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09193-x |
| [94] | Zhang GQ, Chen JL, Luo Y, et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and women's health: an umbrella review. PLoS Med, 2021; 18, e1003731. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003731 |
| [95] | Chaar MKA, Godin A, Harmsen WS, et al. Determinants of long-term survival decades after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Ann Thorac Surg, 2023; 116, 1036−44. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.05.033 |
| [96] | Motoori M, Ito Y, Miyashiro I, et al. Impact of age on long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy. Oncology, 2019; 97, 149−54. doi: 10.1159/000500604 |
| [97] | Mantziari S, Farinha HT, Bouygues V, et al. Esophageal cancer in elderly patients, current treatment options and outcomes; A systematic review and pooled analysis. Cancers (Basel), 2021; 13, 2104. doi: 10.3390/cancers13092104 |
| [98] | Rustgi AK, El-Serag HB. Esophageal carcinoma. N Engl J Med, 2014; 371, 2499−509. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1314530 |
| [99] | Shaheen NJ, Falk GW, Iyer PG, et al. ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol, 2016; 111, 30-50; quiz 51. |
| [100] | Zhang N, Li YY, Chang X, et al. Long-term effectiveness of one-time endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer: A community-based study in rural China. Cancer, 2020; 126, 4511−20. doi: 10.1002/cncr.33119 |