[1] Pang RZ, Gao XZ, Deng ZQ. Public hospitals threefold monopoly and medical industry efficiency——based on China's provincial panel data. Mod Econ Sci, 2018; 40, 1−12. (In Chinese)
[2] Zhu HP. Defects in the medical system and distortion in drug pricing. Soc Sci China, 2008; 29, 50−65. doi:  10.1080/02529200801920806
[3] Xiang Q, Wang Q, Zou LA, et al. Analysis of private hospital development trend and impact on public hospital in China. Chin Health Econ, 2013; 32, 14−5. (In Chinese)
[4] Tan HW, Zhang PL, Liu X, et al. Theoretical connotation and frame construction of structural competition in private and public hospitals. Health Econ Res, 2018; 02,3-6. (In Chinese)
[5] Wang L, Huang Y. Making grading treatment work: a framework of balanced incentive based on two medical insurance reform cases. Comp Econ Soc Syst, 2021; 69-79. (In Chinese)
[6] Wang HX, Jia HP, Chen ZY. Problems and countermeasures of the development of Medical Association in China——From the perspective of division and cooperation. Health Econ Res, 2017; 12,22-4. (In Chinese)
[7] Li XP, Liu H. Benefit decision-making mechanism research on the symbiotic cooperation between private hospitals and public hospitals based on optimized theory. Chin Health Econ, 2017; 36, 5−8. (In Chinese)
[8] Hu XP. Theory definition and internal mechanism of industry symbiosis. China Ind Econ, 2008; 09,118-28. (In Chinese)
[9] Nalebuff B, Brandenburger A. Coopetition: a revolutionary mindset that combines competition and cooperation in the market place. Harvard Business School Press. 1996.
[10] Zhu L. Coopetition: how interorganizational collaboration shapes hospital innovation in competitive environments. Cambridge University Press. 2021.
[11] GBD 2016 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators. Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet, 2018; 391, 2236−71. doi:  10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30994-2