[1] Finn K, Callen C, Bhatia J, et al. Importance of dietary sources of iron in infants and toddlers: lessons from the fits study. Nutrients, 2017; 9, 733. doi:  10.3390/nu9070733
[2] Harika R, Faber M, Samuel F, et al. Are low intakes and deficiencies in iron, vitamin A, zinc, and iodine of public health concern in Ethiopian, Kenyan, Nigerian, and South African children and adolescents? Food Nutr Bull, 2017; 38, 405-27.
[3] Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M, et al. A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood, 2014; 123, 615−24. doi:  10.1182/blood-2013-06-508325
[4] Chang JL, Wang Y. China national nutrition and health survey (Comprehensive report 2012-2013). Peking University Medical Press. 2016; 83. (In Chinese)
[5] Li HQ. Pay much attention to prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children. Chin J Pediatr, 2008; 46, 484−6. (In Chinese
[6] Cai J, Ren TX, Zhang YH, et al. Iron physiological requirements in Chinese adults assessed by the stable isotope labeling technique. Nutr Metab, 2018; 15, 29. doi:  10.1186/s12986-018-0262-2
[7] Zhang Y, Li YJ, Ren TX, et al. Evaluation of erythrocyte iron incorporation in Beijing prepubertal children using a single stable isotope tracer method. Biomed Environ Sci, 2020; 33, 414−20.
[8] Fomon SJ, Nelson SE, Serfass RE, et al. Absorption and loss of iron in toddlers are highly correlated. J Nutr, 2005; 135, 771−7. doi:  10.1093/jn/135.4.771
[9] Wallace DF. The regulation of Iron absorption and homeostasis. Clin Biochem Rev, 2016; 37, 51−62.
[10] Hurrell R, Egli I. Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values. Am J Clin Nutr, 2010; 91, 1461S−7S. doi:  10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674F
[11] Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin a, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, Iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. National Academies Press. 2001.
[12] Zhang Y, Huang ZW, Piao JH, et al. Evaluation on the iron absorption of prepubertal children using stable isotopic tracer. J Hyg Res, 2014; 43, 173−6, 192. (In Chinese
[13] Cai J, Ren TX, Lu JX, et al. Physiologic requirement for iron in pregnant women, assessed using the stable isotope tracer technique. Nutr Metab, 2020; 17, 33. doi:  10.1186/s12986-020-00452-0
[14] Lu JX, Cai J, Ren TX, et al. Physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age assessed by the stable isotope tracer technique. Nutr Metab, 2019; 16, 55. doi:  10.1186/s12986-019-0384-1
[15] Etcheverry P, Carstens GE, Brown E, et al. Production of stable-isotope-labeled bovine heme and its use to measure heme-iron absorption in children. Am J Clin Nutr, 2007; 85, 452−9. doi:  10.1093/ajcn/85.2.452
[16] Zhang Y, Piao JH, Huang ZW, et al. Evaluation of iron utilization in children using single stable isotopes tracer. Clin J Prev Med, 2014; 48, 182−5. (In Chinese
[17] Fairweather-Tait SJ, Minski MJ. Studies on iron availability in man, using stable isotope techniques. Br J Nutr, 1986; 55, 279−85. doi:  10.1079/BJN19860035
[18] Woodhead JC, Drulis JM, Nelson SE, et al. Gender-related differences in iron absorption by preadolescent children. Pediatr Res, 1991; 29, 435−9. doi:  10.1203/00006450-199105010-00005
[19] Abrams SA. Using stable isotopes to assess mineral absorption and utilization by children. Am J Clin Nutr, 1999; 70, 955−64. doi:  10.1093/ajcn/70.6.955
[20] Fomon SJ, Serfass RE, Nelson SE, et al. Time course of and effect of dietary iron level on iron incorporation into erythrocytes by infants. J Nutr, 2000; 130, 541−5. doi:  10.1093/jn/130.3.541
[21] Lieu PT, Heiskala M, Peterson PA, et al. The roles of iron in health and disease. Mol Asp Med, 2001; 22, 1−87. doi:  10.1016/S0098-2997(00)00006-6
[22] Larsen L, Milman N. Normal iron absorption determined by means of whole body counting and red cell incorporation of 59Fe. Acta Med Scand, 1975; 198, 271−4.
[23] Lynch S, Pfeiffer CM, Georgieff MK, et al. biomarkers of nutrition for development (BOND)—iron review. J Nutr, 2018; 148, 1001S−67S. doi:  10.1093/jn/nxx036
[24] Saito H, Sargent T, Parker HG, et al. Whole-body iron loss in normal man measured with a gamma spectrometer. J Nucl Med, 1964; 5, 571−80.
[25] Green R, Charlton R, Seftel H, et al. Body iron excretion in man: a collaborative study. Am J Med, 1968; 45, 336−53. doi:  10.1016/0002-9343(68)90069-7
[26] Abebe Z, Takele WW, Anlay DZ, et al. Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among children in Ethiopia: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. EJIFCC, 2018; 29, 138−45.
[27] Chinese Nutrition Society. Chinese dietary reference intakes (2013). Science Press. 2014. (In Chinese)