2015 Vol. 28, No. 11

Select articles
Effects of Multiple Cleaning and Disinfection Interventions on Infectious Diseases in Children:A Group Randomized Trial in China
BAN Hai Qun, LI Tao, SHEN Jin, LI Jin, PENG Pin Zhang, YE Heng Ping, ZHANG Liu Bo
2015, 28(11): 779-787. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.109
ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of multiple cleaning and disinfection interventions in the homes and kindergartens, in reducing gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses of children.
MethodsFrom October 2010 to September 2011, we performed a prospective, controlled study in China. 408 children under 5 years old were recruited and group randomized into intervention and control groups. Families and kindergartens in the intervention group were provided with antibacterial products for hand hygiene and surface cleaning or disinfection for one year. Each child’s illness symptoms andsick leave were recorded every day.
ResultsA total of 393 children completed the study, with similar baseline demographics in each of the 2 groups.Except for abdominal pain, the odds of symptoms(fever, cough and expectoration, runny nose and nasal congestion, diarrhea), illness (acute respiratory illness and gastrointestinal illness), and sick leave per person each month were significantly reduced by interventions. The rates of fever, diarrhea, acute respiratory illness, gastrointestinal illness and sick leave per person per year were significantly decreased as well.
ConclusionNot only the acute respiratory and gastrointestinal illness but the sick leave rate in children were significantly reduced by multiple interventions.
Effect of NaFeEDTA-Fortified Soy Sauce on Anemia Prevalence in China:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
HUO Jun Sheng, YIN Ji Yong, SUN Jing, HUANG Jian, LU Zhen Xin, REGINA Moench-Pfanner, CHEN Jun Shi, andCHEN Chun Ming
2015, 28(11): 788-798. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.110
ObjectiveTo assess the effect of sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA)-fortified soy sauce on anemia prevalence in the Chinese population.
MethodsA systematic review was performed to identify potential studies by searching the electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, WHO Library, HighWire, CNKI, and other sources. The selection criteria included randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy of NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce with that of non-fortified soy sauce. Anemia rates and hemoglobin levels were the outcomes of interest. Inclusion decisions, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently. A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria for anemia rate analysis, of which 12 studies met the inclusion criteria for hemoglobin analysis. All included studies assessed the effect of NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce on anemia rates and hemoglobin concentrations.
ResultsAfter the intervention, the hemoglobin concentration increased and anemia rates decreased significantly as compared with the non-fortified soy sauce groups. For anemia rates, data from 16 studies could be pooled, and the pooled estimate odds ratio was 0.25 (95% CI 0.19-0.35). For hemoglobin concentrations, data from 12 studies could be pooled, and the pooled weighted mean difference was 8.81 g/L (95% CI 5.96-11.67).
ConclusionNaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce has a positive effect on anemia control and prevention in the at-risk population.
NADPH Oxidase Accounts for Changes in Cerebrovascular Redox Status in Hindlimb Unweighting Rats
PENG Liang, RAN Hai Hong, ZHANG Ying, ZHAO Yu, FAN Yong Yan, PENG Li, ZHANG Ran, CAO Feng
2015, 28(11): 799-807. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.111
ObjectiveThe roles of cerebrovascular oxidative stress in vascular functional remodeling have been described in hindlimb-unweighting (HU) rats. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be established.
MethodsWe investigated the generation of vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS),Nox2/Nox4 protein and mRNA levels, NADPH oxidase activity, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) mRNA levels in cerebral and mesenteric smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of HU rats.
ResultsROS production increased in cerebral but not in mesenteric VSMCs of HU rats compared with those in control rats.Nox2 and Nox4 protein and mRNA levels were increased significantly but MnSOD/GPx-1 mRNA levels decreased in HU rat cerebral arteries but not in mesenteric arteries. NADPH oxidases were activated significantly more in cerebral but not in mesenteric arteries of HU rats. NADPH oxidase inhibition with apocynin attenuated cerebrovascular ROS production and partially restored Nox2/Nox4 protein and mRNA levels, NADPH oxidase activity, and MnSOD/GPx-1 mRNA levels in cerebral VSMCs of HU rats.
ConclusionThese results suggest that vascular NADPH oxidases regulate cerebrovascular redox status and participate in vascular oxidative stress injury during simulated microgravity.
CancerTherapy withPhytochemicals:Present and Future Perspectives
Muobarak J. Tuorkey
2015, 28(11): 808-819. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.112
The Expression of Estrogen Receptor Subtypes in Prolactinomas andTheir Relationship to Tumor Biological Behavior
LI Chu Zhong, GUI Song Bai, ZONG Xu Yi, and ZHANG Ya Zhuo
2015, 28(11): 820-822. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.113
DynamicExpression ofHyperpolarization-activatedCyclic Nucleotide-gatedCationChannel 4Involved inMicrowave Induced Pacemaker Cell Injuries
LIU YanQing, ZHAO Li, GAO YaBing, DONG Ji, WANG Hui, YAO BinWei, ZHOU HongMei, WANG ShuiMing, andPENG RuiYun
2015, 28(11): 823-828. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.114
Differential Alterations of Lipid Status and Lipid Metabolism, Induction ofOxidative Stress by Sodium Arsenate in Female Rat’s Liver and Kidney
Kharroubi Wafa, Dhibi Madiha, Chreif Imed, Grard Lizard, Hammami Mohamed, Sakly Rachid
2015, 28(11): 829-833. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.115
OxidativeMetabolism ofEstroneModified byGenistein and Bisphenol A inRatLiverMicrosomes
GHELDIU Ana-Maria, POPA Daniela-Saveta, LOGHIN Felicia, VLASE Laurian
2015, 28(11): 834-838. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.116
Effect of the Gut Microbiota on Obesity and ItsUnderlying Mechanisms:an Update
2015, 28(11): 839-847. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.117
The Current Status and Challenges Regarding Tuberculosis Infection Control in Health Care Facilities in China
ZHAO Fei, CHENG Jun, CHENG Shi Ming, ZHANG Hui, ZHAO Yan Lin, ZHANG Can You, HU Dong Mei, FAN Hai Ying, HUANG Fei, QUYan, HE Guang Xue, WANG Li Xia
2015, 28(11): 848-854. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.118