2015 Vol. 28, No. 4

Select articles
The Benefit Risk Assessment of Consumption of Marine Species Based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods (BRAFO)-tiered Approach
GAO Yi Xiong, ZHANG Hong Xia, LI Jing Guang, ZHANG Lei, YU Xin Wei, HE Jia Lu, SHANG Xiao Hong, ZHAO Yun Feng, WU Yong Ning
2015, 28(4): 243-252. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.035
Objective To assess the net health effect caused by the consumption of specific marine species based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods (BRAFO)-tiered approach.
Methods Twenty species were collected from the Zhoushan Archipelago, China. Concentrations of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl mercury (MeHg), and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) in the samples were analyzed for benefit risk assessment based on BRAFO-tiered approach.
Results Based on the BRAFO-tiered approach, reference scenario (no intake) and alternative scenario (intake of specific species of 200 g/week) were determined. The exposure to MeHg/DLCs via alternative scenario of all studied species did not exceed provisional tolerable weekly/monthly intake. However, the adult population with high DLCs exposure in China would significantly exceed the upper limit of DLCs via an additional alternative scenario of some species such as Auxis thazard. The results of deterministic computation showed that alternative scenario of all studied species generated clear net beneficial effects on death prevention and child IQ gain.
Conclusion The alternative scenario of all studied species could be recommended to population with average DLCs exposure, and the reference scenario of species with relatively high DLCs concentration could be recommended to population exposed to high DLCs.
Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecule Accelerates Reendothelialization after Carotid Artery Balloon Injury in Rat
HU Qing Song, CHEN Yang Xin, HUANG Qing Sheng, DENG Bing Qing, XIE Shuang Lun, WANG Jing Feng, NIE Ru Qiong
2015, 28(4): 253-262. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.036
Objective This study was aimed to investigate the effects of carbon monoxide releasing molecule (CORM-2), a novel carbon monoxide carrier, on the reendothelialization of carotid artery in rat endothelial denudation model.
Methods Male rats subjected to carotid artery balloon injury were treated with CORM-2, inactive CORM-2 (iCORM-2) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The reendothelialization capacity was evaluated by Evans Blue dye and the immunostaining with anti-CD31 antibody. The number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) was detected by flow cytometry. The proliferation, migration, and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were assessed by using [3H]thymidine, Boyden chamber and human fibronectin respectively. The expressions of protein were detected by using western blot analysis.
Results CORM-2 remarkably accelerated the re-endothelialization 5 d later and inhibited neointima formation 28 d later. In addition, the number of peripheral EPCs significantly increased in CORM-2-treated rats than that in iCORM-2 or DMSO-treated rats after 5 d later. In vitro experiments, CORM-2 significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration and adhesion of HUVECs. The levels of Akt, eNOS phosphorylation, and NO generation in HUVECs were also much higher in CORM-2 treated group. Blocking of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway markedly suppressed the enhanced migration and adhesion of HUVECs induced by CORM-2.
Conclusion CORM-2 could promote endothelial repair, and inhibit neointima formation after carotid artery balloon injury, which might be associated with the function changes of HUVECs regulated by PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway.
High Physical Activity is Associated with an Improved Lipid Profile and Resting Heart Rate among Healthy Middle-aged Chinese People
HU Bo, LIU Xiao Yu, ZHENG Yao, FAN Hong Min, YIN Su Feng, GUO Chun Yue, LI Yun, WU Shou Ling, FENG Fu Min, YUAN Ju Xiang
2015, 28(4): 263-271. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.037
Objective To investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on dyslipidemia and elevated resting heart rate (RHR) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in China. Methods We recruited community-based individuals who were 40-60 years old using a cluster sampling method. The PA levels of the participants were classified as low, moderate, or high, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Dyslipidemia was defined as the detection of abnormalities in lipid indicators, and 4 lipid parameters were evaluated using fasting blood samples. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of PA with dyslipidemia and RHR. Results A total of 10,321 participants (38.88% men) were included in this study. The percentages of individuals with high, moderate, and low PA levels were 46.5%, 43.9%, and 9.6%, respectively. In both men and women, high PA provided odds ratios of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 0.94] for dyslipidemia and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.92) for elevated RHR, compared to participants with low PA. Conclusion Our data suggested that substantial health benefits (related to dyslipidemia and elevated RHR) occurred at higher intensity PA, with greater energy consumption, in middle-aged Chinese people, and particularly in men.
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Reproductive Toxicity in Male Mice
LI Shu Gang, DING Yu Song, NIU Qiang, XU Shang Zhi, PANG Li Juan, MA Ru Lin, JING Ming Xia, FENG Gang Ling, LIU Jia Ming, GUO Shu Xia
2015, 28(4): 272-280. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.038
Objective To determine the ability of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) in alleviating arsenic-induced reproductive toxicity.
Methods Sixty male Kunming mice received the following treatments by gavage: normal saline solution (control); arsenic trioxide (ATO; 4 mg/kg); GSPE (400 mg/kg); ATO+GSPE (100 mg/kg);ATO+GSPE (200 mg/kg) and ATO+GSPE (400 mg/kg). Thereafter, the mice were sacrificed and weighed, and the testis was examined for pathological changes. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, and quinone 1 (NQO1) expression in the testis was detected by real-time PCR. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and reproductive indexes were analyzed.
Results ATO-treated mice showed a significantly decreased sperm count and testis somatic index and activity levels of SOD, GSH, and T-AOC than control group. Compared to the ATO-treated group, ATO+GSPE group showed recovery of the measured parameters. Mice treated with ATO+high-dose GSPE showed the highest level of mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO, NQO1, and GST.
Conclusion GSPE alleviates oxidative stress damage in mouse testis by activating Nrf2 signaling, thus counteracting arsenic-induced reproductive toxicity.
Neurobehavioral Assessment of Rats Exposed to Yttrium Nitrate during Development
LI Chen Xi, MA Chuan, FANG Hai Qin, ZHI Yuan, YU Zhou, XU Hai Bin, JIA Xu Dong
2015, 28(4): 281-290. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.039
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effects of yttrium nitrate on neurobehavioral development in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Methods Dams were orally exposed to 0, 5, 15, or 45 mg/kg daily of yttrium nitrate from gestation day (GD) 6 to postnatal day (PND) 21. Body weight and food consumption were monitored weekly. Neurobehavior was assessed by developmental landmarks and reflexes, motor activity, hot plate, Rota-rod and cognitive tests. Additionally, brain weights were measured on PND 21 and 70.
Results No significant difference was noted among all groups for maternal body weight and food consumption. All yttrium-exposed offspring showed an increase in body weight on PND 21;however, no significant difference in body weight for exposed pups versus controls was observed 2 weeks or more after the yttrium solution was discontinued. The groups given 5 mg/kg daily decreased significantly in the duration of female forelime grip strength and ambulation on PND 13. There was no significant difference between yttrium-exposed offspring and controls with respect to other behavioral ontogeny parameters and postnatal behavioral test results.
Conclusion Exposure of rats to yttrium nitrate in concentrations up to 45 mg/kg daily had no adverse effects on their neurobehavioral development.
Effect of Dietary Resistant Starch on Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-related Diseases and Its Possible Mechanisms
ZHANG Lei, LI Hua Ting, SHEN Li, FANG Qi Chen, QIAN Ling Ling, JIA Wei Ping
2015, 28(4): 291-297. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.040
Effects of Maternal Linseed Oil Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters in Cafeteria Diet-induced Obese Rats
BENAISSA Nawel, MERZOUK Hafida, MERZOUK Sid Ahmed, NARCE Michel
2015, 28(4): 298-302. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.041
Novel Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Genes with EBV-infectious Diseases in Children
HUO Li, JIANG Ming Yan, LI Qiang, ZHU Yi Ping
2015, 28(4): 303-307. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.042
Changing Grains for the Prevention and Treatment of Kashin-Beck Disease in Children:a Meta-analysis
HAN Jing, YU Fang Fang, CHANG Zai Ping, YANG Bo, QU Cheng Juan, ZHOU Tian Tian, LIU Rui Yu, GUO Xiong
2015, 28(4): 308-311. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.043
Combination of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay and Nested PCR for Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Human Serum Samples
ZHANG Liu Li, HOU Xue Xia, GENG Zhen, LOU Yong Liang, WAN Kang Lin, HAO Qin
2015, 28(4): 312-315. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.044
External Bacterial Flora and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Isolated from Two Household Cockroaches, Blattella germanica and Blatta orientalis
MENASRIA Taha, TINE Samir, MAHCENE Djaouida, BENAMMAR Leyla, MEGRI Rochdi, BOUKOUCHA Mourad, DEBABZA Manel
2015, 28(4): 316-320. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.045