2017 Vol. 30, No. 7

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2017-07cover
2017, 30(7): 1-1.
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2017, 30(7): 2-2.
ERK1/2-mediated Cytoplasmic Accumulation of hnRNPK Antagonizes TRAIL-induced Apoptosis through Upregulation of XIAP in H1299 Cells
HUANG Wen Si, XU Feng Mei, ZENG Qing Zhong, LIU Xiao Hui, GAO Xue Juan, LIU Lang Xia
2017, 30(7): 473-481. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.063
Objective Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance greatly limits the clinical therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL.Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying TRAIL resistance will be fundamental to resolving this problem. Methods Nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extraction and immunofluorescence (IF) assay were used to detect changes in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) localization in H1299 cells.The evaluation of cell apoptosis in cells transfected with GFP-hnRNPK, GFP-hnRNPK S284/353A, or GFP-hnRNPK S284/353D mutant was performed using cleaved caspase-3 antibody.The gene expression of XIAP was tested by quantitative RT-PCR. Results Previously, we reported that hnRNPK antagonized TRAIL-induced apoptosis through inhibition of PKC-mediated GSK3β phosphorylation.In this study, we further demonstrate that TRAIL treatment induces cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNPK in H1299 cells.The hnRNPK localized in the cytoplasm has a higher capacity to antagonize TRAIL-induced apoptosis.Both ERK1/2 signaling inhibitor U0126 and ERK-phosphoacceptor-site mutant (GFP-hnRNPK S284/353A) diminish cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNPK induced by TRAIL.Moreover, we show that XIAP is involved in hnRNPK-mediated TRAIL resistance in H1299 cells. Conclusion Taken together, these results give new insights into the understanding of the molecular mechanism associated with TRAIL resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.
Association between Plasma Metal Levels and Diabetes Risk:a Case-control Study in China
LI Xiu Ting, YU Peng Fei, GAO Yan, GUO Wen Hui, WANG Jun, LIU Xin, GU Ai Hua, JI Gui Xiang, DONG Qiu, WANG Bo Shen, CAO Ying, ZHU Bao Li, XIAO Hang
2017, 30(7): 482-491. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.064
Objective Many metals, some of which have been classified as environmental endocrine disruptors, are used extensively in everyday consumer products and are ubiquitous in our living environment.In the present study, we aimed to explore the associations between the prevalence risk of type 2 diabetes and plasma levels of 20 trace elements as well as those of heavy metals in a Han Chinese population. Methods We conducted a case-control study to investigate the associations between plasma concentrations of 20 metals and diabetes in Jiangsu province.A total of 122 newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes and 429 matched controls were recruited from community physical examinations in Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province.Plasma metal levels were measured by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results After adjusting for confounders, plasma vanadium, chromium, manganese, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, strontium, palladium, cadmium, cesium, and barium were associated with diabetes risk (P < 0.05).The adjusted OR increased with increasing concentration of vanadium, manganese, copper, zinc, and cesium. Conclusion Many metals, including manganese, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, and cadmium in plasma, are associated with the morbidity of diabetes.Monitoring of environmental metal levels and further studies are urgently needed.
Role of Immune Microenvironmental Factors for Improving the IPI-related Risk Stratification of Aggressive B Cell Lymphoma
GONG Yi, CHEN Rui, ZHANG Xi, ZOU Zhong Min, CHEN Xing Hua
2017, 30(7): 492-500. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.065
Objective To investigate the risk stratification of aggressive B cell lymphoma using the immune microenvironment and clinical factors. Methods A total of 127 patients with aggressive B cell lymphoma between 2014 and 2015 were enrolled in this study.CD4, Foxp3, CD8, CD68, CD163, PD-1, and PD-L1 expression levels were evaluated in paraffin-embedded lymphoma tissues to identify their roles in the risk stratification.Eleven factors were identified for further evaluation using analysis of variance, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results Significant differences in 11 factors (age, Ann Arbor stage, B symptom, ECOG performance status, infiltrating CD8+ T cells, PD-L1 expression, absolute blood monocyte count, serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum iron, serum albumin, and serum β2-microglobulin) were observed among patient groups stratified by at least two risk stratification methods[International Prognostic Index (IPI), revised IPI, and NCCN-IPI models](P < 0.05).Concordance rates were high (81.4%-100.0%) when these factors were used for the risk stratification.No difference in the risk stratification results was observed with or without the Ann Arbor stage data. Conclusion We developed a convenient and inexpensive tool for use in risk stratification of aggressive B cell lymphomas, although further studies on the role of immune microenvironmental factors are needed.
First Report in China on the Identification and Drug Sensitivity of Mycobacterium elephantis Isolated from the Milk of a Cow with Mastitis
JI Ling Yun, XU Dong Lei, YIN Shu Peng, LIU Hai Can, LI Gui Lian, JIANG Yi, WEI Jian Hao, ZENG Hao, LOU Yong Liang, LYU Jian Xin, WAN Kang Lin
2017, 30(7): 501-507. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.066
Objective In this study, milk from a cow with mastitis was analyzed to determine the presence of mycobacterial infection.Milk quality and security problems pertaining to the safe consumption of dairy products were also discussed in this study. Methods Milk was preprocessed with 4% NaOH.Then, mycobacteria were isolated from the milk sample on L-J medium.The isolate was identified using multiple loci Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and multi-locus sequence analysis with 16S rRNA, sodA, hsp65, and ITS genes.The drug sensitivity of the isolate to 27 antibiotics was tested through alamar blue assay. Results Smooth, moist, pale yellow colonies appeared on the L-J medium within a week after inoculation.Based on the results of multiple loci PCR analysis, the isolate was preliminarily identified as non-tuberculous mycobacteria.The 16S rRNA, sodA, hsp65, and ITS gene sequences of the isolate exhibited 99%, 99%, 99%, and 100% similarities, respectively, with those of the published reference strains of Mycobacterium elephantis(M.elephantis).The drug sensitivity results showed that the strain is resistant to isoniazid, p-aminosalicylic acid, and trimesulf but is sensitive to ofloxacin, rifampicin, amikacin, capreomycin, moxifloxacin, kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine, ethambutol, streptomycin, tobramycin, rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, linezolid, cefoxitin, clarithromycin, and minocycline. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this study is initially to report the isolation of M.elephantis from the milk of a cow with mastitis in China.
Serum Thyroglobulin——A Sensitive Biomarker of Iodine Nutrition Status and Affected by Thyroid Abnormalities and Disease in Adult Populations
DU Yang, GAO Yan Hui, FENG Zhuo Ying, MENG Fan Gang, FAN Li Jun, SUN Dian Jun
2017, 30(7): 508-516. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.067
Objective To evaluate the usefulness of the thyroglobulin (Tg) level in adults as a nutritional biomarker of iodine status and to identify the factors related to the serum Tg level. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in adult populations of areas differing in iodine nutrition from three provinces (Autonomous Region) in China.Serum levels of thyroid hormones and Tg as well as thyroid autoantibodies were measured.The thyroid volume and nodule were measured by ultrasound.A multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess iodine intake and other indeterminate factors associated with the serum Tg level. Results A total of 573 adults were recruited for this study.The serum Tg levels differed significantly among the three groups (22.27 μg/L, 9.73 μg/L and 15.77 μg/L in the excess, more-than-adequate, and deficient groups, respectively).The results of multivariate linear regression analysis indicate that excess and deficient iodine intake, goiter, thyroid nodule, hypothyroidism are significantly related with higher Tg level, and TgAb positivity is significantly related with lower serum Tg. Conclusion The serum Tg level reflects abnormal thyroid function and is a sensitive functional biomarker of iodine nutrition status.
Comparing the Genotype and Drug Susceptibilities between Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare in China
ZHENG Hui Wen, PANG Yu, HE Guang Xue, SONG Yuan Yuan, ZHAO Yan Lin
2017, 30(7): 517-525. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.068
Objective Mycobacterium avium(M.avium) and Mycobacterium intracellulare(M.intracellulare) are the major causative agents of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)-related pulmonary infections.However, little is known about the differences in drug susceptibility profiles between these two species. Methods A total of 393 NTM isolates were collected from Shanghai Pulmonary Disease Hospital.Sequencing of partial genes was performed to identify the strains at species level.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was used to evaluate the drug susceptibility against 20 antimicrobial agents.Variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) typing was conducted to genotype these two species. Results A total of 173(44.0%)M.avium complex (MAC) isolates were identified, including 41(10.4%)M.avium isolates and 132(33.6%)M.intracellulare isolates.Clarithromycin and amikacin were the two most effective agents against MAC isolates.The Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index (HGDI) values for VNTR typing of M.avium and M.intracellulare isolates were 0.993 and 0.995, respectively.Levofloxacin resistance was more common among the unclustered strains than among the clustered strains of M.intracellulare. Conclusion M.intracellulare was the most common NTM species in China.Clarithromycin and amikacin had high antimicrobial activities against MAC.VNTR typing of MAC isolates revealed a high discriminatory power.Levofloxacin resistance was associated with unclustered strains of M.intracellulare.
Dog-transmitted Rabies in Beijing, China
ZHANG Jing Yuan, ZHANG Bi, ZHANG Shou Feng, ZHANG Fei, LI Nan, LIU Ye, HU Rong Liang
2017, 30(7): 526-529. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.069
Heavy Metal Assessment among Chinese Nonferrous Metal-exposed Workers from the Jinchang Cohort Study
YANG Ai Min, CHENG Zhi Yuan, PU Hong Quan, CHENG Ning, LI Hai Yan, LIU Si Min, DING Jiao, LI Juan Sheng, HU Xiao Bin, REN Xiao Wei, ZHENG Tong Zhang, BAI Ya Na
2017, 30(7): 530-534. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.070
Grape Seed Procyanidin Extract Reduces Arsenic-Induced Renal Inflammatory Injury in Male Mice
WANG Cheng, LI Jun, SONG Guan Ling, NIU Qiang, XU Shang Zhi, FENG Gang Ling, WANG Hai Xia, LI Yu, LI Shu Gang, LI Feng
2017, 30(7): 535-539. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.071
Establishment of a Predictive Diagnostic Model for Acute Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection in Elderly Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia
XIAO Hong Li, XIN De Li, WANG Yan, CUI Li Jian, LIU Xiao Ya, LIU Song, SONG Li Hong, LIU Chun Ling, YIN Cheng Hong
2017, 30(7): 540-544. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.072
Epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors of the Pertussis in Infants < 12 Months of Age in Tianjin, China
HUANG Hai Tao, GAO Zhi Gang, LIU Yong, WANG Li Juan, LIU Yan Ping, ZHANG Ying
2017, 30(7): 545-548. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.073