2019 Vol. 32, No. 12

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2019-12cover
2019, 32(12): 1-1.
2019-12contents
2019, 32(12): 2-2.
Serological Survey of Zika Virus in Humans and Animals in Dejiang Prefecture, Guizhou Province, China
LI Fan, ZHOU Jing Zhu, ZHOU Lei, FU Shi Hong, TIAN Zhen Zao, WANG Qi, SHAO Nan, LI Dan, HE Ying, LEI Wen Wen, TANG Guang Peng, LIANG Guo Dong, WANG Ding Ming, ZHANG Yan Ping, WANG Huan Yu
2019, 32(12): 875-880. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.108
Objective The current outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) poses a severe threat to human health. Two ZIKV strains were isolated from mosquitoes collected from the Dejiang prefecture in China in 2016, which was the first isolation of ZIKV in nature in China. Methods In this study, serum samples were collected from 366 healthy individuals and 104 animals from Dejiang prefecture in 2017, and the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was used to evaluate the seroprevalence of ZIKV. Results None of the 366 residents from whom the samples were collected were seropositive for ZIKV. None of the 11 pigs from whom the samples were collected were seropositive for ZIKV, while 1 of 63 (1.59%) chickens and 2 of 30 (6.67%) sheep were seropositive for ZIKV. Conclusions The extremely low seropositivity rate of ZIKV antibodies in animals in the Dejiang prefecture, Guizhou province in this study indicates that ZIKV can infect animals; however, there is a low risk of ZIKV circulating in the local population.
A New High-throughput Real-time PCR Assay for the Screening of Multiple Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Broiler Fecal Samples from China
CHE Jie, LU Jin Xing, LI Wen Ge, ZHANG Yun Fei, ZHAO Xiao Fei, YUAN Min, BAI Xue Mei, CHEN Xia, LI Juan
2019, 32(12): 881-892. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.111
Objective Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global concern and is especially severe in China. To effectively and reliably provide AMR data, we developed a new high-throughput real-time PCR assay based on microfluidic dynamic technology, and screened multiple AMR genes in broiler fecal samples. Methods A high-throughput real-time PCR system with an new designed integrated fluidic circuit assay were performed AMR gene detection. A total of 273 broiler fecal samples collected from two geographically separated farms were screened AMR genes. Results The new assay with limits of detection ranging from 40.9 to 8,000 copies/reaction. The sensitivity rate, specificity rate, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and correct indices were 99.30%, 98.08%, 95.31%, 99.79%, and 0.9755, respectively. Utilizing this assay, we demonstrate that AMR genes are widely spread, with positive detection rates ranging from 0 to 97.07% in 273 broiler fecal samples. blaCTX-M, blaTEM, mcr-1, fexA, cfr, optrA, and intI1 showed over 80% prevalence. The dissemination of AMR genes was distinct between the two farms. Conclusions We successfully established a new high-throughput real-time PCR assay applicable to AMR gene surveillance from fecal samples. The widespread existence of AMR genes detected in broiler farms highlights the current and severe problem of AMR.
Paraben Content in Adjacent Normal-malignant Breast Tissues from Women with Breast Cancer
Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Maryam Tabatabaeian, Afsane Chavoshani, Elham Amjadi, Majid Hashemi, Karim Ebrahimpour, Roya Klishadi, Sedigheh Khazaei, Marjan Mansourian
2019, 32(12): 893-904. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.112
Objective Accumulation of estrogenic compounds and other carcinogens in normal breast tissues contributes to unpredictable breast cancer incidence during adolescence and throughout life. To assess the role of parabens in this phenomenon, the paraben content of adjacent normal-malignant breast tissues is measured in women with breast cancer living in Isfahan Province, Iran. Methods Adjacent normal-malignant breast tissue samples were obtained from 53 subjects. The parabens including methyl-paraben (MePB), ethyl-paraben (EtPB), propyl-paraben (PrPB), and butyl-paraben (BuPB) were extracted from the sample supernatant and then subjected to gas chromatography analysis. Results Some risk factors for breast cancer were stimulated by parabens in adjacent malignant-normal breast tissues among young and middle-aged women with breast cancer. We observed a significant association for dose-response pattern of MePB [OR = 98.34 (11.43–185.2), P = 0.027] for both ER+ and PR+ women and MePB [OR = 164.3 (CI: 112.3–216.3), P < 0.001] for HER2+ women than women with negative receptors. The risk of 95-fold increase in MePB dose and 164-fold increase in ∑PBs dose were significant for women with hereditary breast cancer in first-degree relatives. Conclusions These results may promote future epidemiology studies and strategies to improve women’s lifestyle and consume paraben-free products.
The Ability of Baseline Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol Concentrations to Predict Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Men and Women: A Longitudinal Study in Qingdao, China
CUI Jing, MA Ping, SUN Jian Ping, Zulqarnain Baloch, YIN Fan, XIN Hua Lei, REN Jie, TAN Ji Bin, WANG Bing Ling
2019, 32(12): 905-913. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.113
Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the association between triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) at baseline, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence in a general Chinese population. Further, it aimed to evaluate the ability of TG and TC to predict T2DM incidence. Methods Qingdao Diabetes Prevention Program participants recruited between 2006 and 2009 were followed up in 2012–2015. TG, TC, and T2DM status were measured. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between TG, TC, and T2DM incidence. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability of TG and TC to identify T2DM participants. Results The incidence of T2DM significantly increased with TG in women and TC in both men and women (Ptrend < 0.05). Univariate Cox regression indicated that higher TG {borderline high TG [hazards ratio (HR): 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40, 3.00] and hypertriglyceridemia [HR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.68, 4.15]} and TC [hypercholesterolemia (HR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.43, 2.95)] were significantly associated with increased risk of T2DM incidence in women but not in men. Multivariate Cox regression showed that hypertriglyceridemia in women (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.97), borderline high TC in men (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.48), and hypercholesterolemia in women (HR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.81, 2.61) had a higher significant risk of T2DM incidence. The optimal cutoff values of TG were > 1.15 and > 1.23 mmol/L in men and women, respectively. For TC, they were > 5.17 and > 5.77 mmol/L in men and women, respectively. The area under the ROCs of TG and TC were 0.54 (0.51–0.57) and 0.55 (0.52–0.58), respectively, in men, and 0.60 (0.58–0.62) and 0.59 (0.56–0.61), respectively, in women. Conclusion Elevated TG and TC were risk factors for T2DM incidence. However, no predictive capacity was found for both factors to identify T2DM incidence in Chinese men and women. Hence, TG and TC levels in both Chinese men and women might be used for decreasing the incidence of T2DM but no clinical predictive capacity for T2DM.
Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Cross-sectional Study in Northern China
ZHOU Ping An, ZHANG Chen Huan, CHEN Yan Ru, LI Dong, SONG Dai Yu, LIU Hua Min, ZHOU Ming Yue, SONG Guo Shun, CHEN Sheng Yun
2019, 32(12): 914-921. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.114
Objective Increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid plaque as manifestations of carotid atherosclerosis have been used as markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are linked to CVD, but the association between MetS and CVD is controversial. Methods A total of 8,933 Chinese adults aged 40 years or older from 2010 to 2014 were selected from the Jidong and Kailuan communities. MetS was defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria. CIMT and carotid plaque were measured using color Doppler ultrasound. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of MetS with carotid plaque and CIMT. Results MetS was found among 3,461 (3,461/8,933) participants. The odds ratio and 95% confidence internal (CI) for carotid plaques in participants with MetS was 1.16 (1.03−1.30). The risk of carotid plaques increased with the number of MetS components. The average CIMT was higher in participants with MetS (β = 0.020, 95% CI, 0.014−0.027) and in participants with more MetS components. Conclusion Individuals with MetS are at an increased risk for carotid atherosclerosis compared to those without MetS.
Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis through Testing of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Tissues
DU Wei Li, SONG Jing, WANG Jian Guo, LIU Zi Chen, LI Kun, WANG Yu Xuan, DONG Yu Jie, CHE Nan Ying
2019, 32(12): 922-925. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.115
Development of an Internally Controlled Reverse Transcription Recombinase-aided Amplification Assay for the Rapid and Visual Detection of West Nile Virus
FAN Guo Hao, SHEN Xin Xin, LI Fan, LI Xin Na, BAI Xue Ding, ZHANG Rui Qing, WANG Rui Huan, LEI Wen Wen, WANG Huan Yu, MA Xue Jun, WU Gui Zhen
2019, 32(12): 926-929. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.116
West Nile virus (WNV) causes West Nile fever and West Nile encephalitis. Because infection by WNV creates serious public health problems, its simple, rapid, and visual detection is very important in clinical practice, especially in resource-limited laboratories. We have developed a rapid, specific, and highly sensitive internally controlled reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) assay to detect WNV, using both real-time fluorescence and the lateral flow dipstick (LFD) at 39.0 °C for 30 min. The analytical sensitivity of the RT-RAA assay was 10 plasmid copies and 1.6 pfu per reaction with real-time fluorescence, and 1,000 plasmid copies per reaction with the LFD. No cross-reaction with other control viruses was observed. Compared with the RT-qPCR assay, the RT-RAA assay demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for WNV.
Theoretical Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Advantame among the Chinese Population
ZHANG Ji Yue, ZHANG Jian Bo, YU Hang Yu, YONG Ling, ZHANG Hong, WANG Hua Li, WENG Yun Xuan
2019, 32(12): 930-933. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.117
Medical Assessment on Forest Therapy Base in Zhejiang Province, China
WU Qing, YE Bing, CHEN Zhuo Mei, LYU Xiao Ling, REN Xiao Xu, DONG Jian Hua, WANG Guo Fu
2019, 32(12): 934-937. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.118
Upregulation of Slc26a4 in the Early Development of Silicosis via GEO Database Analysis in vivo and in vitro
JIANG Qing Tao, HAN Lei, LIU Xin, ZHU Bao Li
2019, 32(12): 938-943. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.119
The Role of the AMPK Pathway in ZEA-induced Cell-cycle Arrest in Rat Sertoli Cells
CHEN Yu Lian, CHEN Yong Fang, FENG Nan Nan, LIU Zong Ping, BIAN Jian Chun
2019, 32(12): 944-948. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.120
China CDC Weekly: A New Voice for Global Health
2019, 32(12): 949-949. doi: 10.3967/bes2019.121