2024 Vol. 37, No. 10

Select articles
Cover
2024-10 Cover
2024, 37(10)
Contents
2024-10 Contents
2024, 37(10): 1-2.
Association between Metal(loid) Exposure and Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mediated by Anti-Müllerian Hormone among Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer
Shu Su, Mengyuan Ren, Yanqiu Feng, Changxin Lan, Lailai Yan, Qun Lu, Jia Xu, Bin Han, Lili Zhuang, Mingliang Fang, Bin Wang, Hongchu Bao, Bo Pan
2024, 37(10): 1107-1116. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.154
  Objective  To investigate the relationship and potential pathways between metal(loid) exposure and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women of childbearing age.   Methods  This case-control study included 200 patients with PCOS (cases) and 896 non-PCOS controls with the age of 25–37 years. The concentrations of 29 metal(loid)s in the follicular fluid (FF) and clinical indicators in the serum were measured in all participants. Logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were conducted to evaluate the associations between metal(loid) exposure and PCOS risk and investigate the possible roles of clinical indicators, respectively.   Results  Logistic regression analysis revealed an association between high copper levels in FF and increased PCOS risk (highest vs. lowest quartile: adjusted odds ratio = 2.94, 95% confidence interval: 1.83–4.72). A high luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio and elevated levels of testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were strongly associated with increased PCOS risk induced by high copper exposure. The mediation analysis indicated a mediating effect of AMH in the association between copper exposure and PCOS risk.   Conclusion  Copper may affect PCOS risk through the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, mediated by AMH. Copper exposure and internal AMH levels are important indicators for early warning of PCOS development.
Simulated Microgravity can Promote the Apoptosis and Change Inflammatory State of Kupffer Cells
Jun Ge, Fei Liu, Hongyun Nie, Yuan Yue, Kaige Liu, Haiguan Lin, Hao Li, Tao Zhang, Hongfeng Yan, Bingxin Xu, Hongwei Sun, Jianwu Yang, Shaoyan Si, Jinlian Zhou, Yan Cui
2024, 37(10): 1117-1127. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.141
  Objective  In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome sequences of Kupffer cells exposed to simulated microgravity for 3 d and conducted biological experiments to determine how microgravity initiates apoptosis in Kupffer cells.  Methods  Rotary cell culture system was used to construct a simulated microgravity model. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted using the DAVID database. GSEA was performed using the R language. The STRING database was used to conduct PPI analysis. qPCR was used to measure the IL1B, TNFA, CASP3, CASP9, and BCL2L11 mRNA expressions. Western Blotting was performed to detect the level of proteins CASP3 and CASP 9. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane cells. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect changes in the ultrastructure of Kupffer cells.  Results  Transcriptome Sequencing indicated that simulated microgravity affected apoptosis and the inflammatory state of Kupffer cells. Simulated microgravity improved the CASP3, CASP9, and BCL2L11 expressions in Kupffer cells. Annexin-V/ PI and JC-1 assays showed that simulated microgravity promoted apoptosis in Kupffer cells. Simulated microgravity causes M1 polarization in Kupffer cells.  Conclusion  Our study found that simulated microgravity facilitated the apoptosis of Kupffer cells through the mitochondrial pathway and activated Kupffer cells into M1 polarization, which can secrete TNFA to promote apoptosis.
Mito-TEMPO Ameliorates Sodium Palmitate Induced Ferroptosis in MIN6 Cells through PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy
Baolei Chang, Yanyu Su, Tingting Li, Yanxia Zheng, Ruirui Yang, Heng Lu, Hao Wang, Yusong Ding
2024, 37(10): 1128-1141. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.111
  Objective   Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) could cause damage to pancreatic β-cells, rendering them susceptible to oxidative damage. Hence, investigating the potential of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (Mito-TEMPO) to protect pancreatic β-cells from ferroptosis by mitigating lipid peroxidation becomes crucial.  Methods   MIN6 cells were cultured in vitro with 100 μmol/L sodium palmitate (SP) to simulate diabetes. FerroOrange was utilized for the detection of Fe2+ fluorescence staining, BODIPY581/591C11 for lipid reactive oxygen species, and MitoSox-Red for mtROS. Alterations in mitophagy levels were assessed through the co-localization of lysosomal and mitochondrial fluorescence. Western blotting was employed to quantify protein levels of Acsl4, GPX4, FSP1, FE, PINK1, Parkin, TOMM20, P62, and LC3. Subsequently, interventions were implemented using Mito-TEMPO and Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) to observe changes in ferroptosis and mitophagy within MIN6 cells.  Results   We found that SP induced a dose-dependent increase in Fe2+ and lipid ROS in MIN6 cells while decreasing the expression levels of GPX4 and FSP1 proteins. Through bioinformatics analysis, it has been uncovered that mitophagy assumes a crucial role within the ferroptosis pathway associated with diabetes. Additionally, SP decreased the expression of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1 and Parkin, leading to mtROS overproduction. Conversely, Mito-TEMPO effectively eliminated mtROS while activating the mitophagy pathways involving PINK1 and Parkin, thereby reducing the occurrence of ferroptosis in MIN6 cells. CCCP also demonstrated efficacy in reducing ferroptosis in MIN6 cells.  Conclusion   In summary, Mito-TEMPO proved effective in attenuating mtROS production and initiating mitophagy pathways mediated by PINK1 and Parkin in MIN6 cells. Consequently, this decreased iron overload and lipid peroxidation, ultimately safeguarding the cells from ferroptosis.
Marital Status as a Moderator: Exploring the Relationship between Social Engagement and Depressive Symptoms in China’s Older Adult Population
Jianlun Wu, Yaping Ye, Man Zhang, Ruichen Cong, Yitao Chen, Pengfei Yu, Qing Guo
2024, 37(10): 1142-1157. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.134
  Objective  This study aims to explore the complex relationship between social engagement and depressive symptoms among older adults in China, focusing particularly on the moderating role of marital status.  Methods  This study used data from the latest Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The analysis used the latent class analysis to delineate personality clusters and hierarchical linear regression, supplemented by the PROCESS macro, to investigate the effects of social engagement and marital status on depressive symptoms.  Results  The analysis encompassed 7,789 respondents (mean age: 82.53 [s = 11.20] years), with 54% female. The personality analysis categorized participants into four clusters, with the majority (77.60%) classified as Confident Idealists, who exhibited the lowest levels of depressive symptoms. Hierarchical linear regression analysis yielded several significant findings: Higher levels of social engagement were significantly associated with fewer depressive symptoms (t = –7.932, P < 0.001, B = –0.463). Marital status was a significant factor; married individuals reported fewer depressive symptoms compared to their unmarried counterparts (t = –6.368, P < 0.001, B = –0.750). There was a significant moderating effect of marital status on the relationship between social engagement and depressive symptoms (t = –2.092, P = 0.037, B = –0.217).  Conclusion  This study demonstrates that, among Chinese older adults, both social engagement and marital status significantly influence depressive symptoms. Higher social engagement, particularly in other activities like doing household chores, gardening, reading newspapers or books, and playing cards or Mahjong, is associated with fewer depressive symptoms, especially among married individuals.
The Effect of Blood Lipid Profiles on Chronic Kidney Disease in a Prospective Cohort: Based on a Regression Discontinuity Design
Kang Lyu, Shaodong Liu, Yanli Liu, Jinlong You, Xue Wang, Min Jiang, Chun Yin, Desheng Zhang, Yana Bai, Minzhen Wang, Shan Zheng
2024, 37(10): 1158-1172. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.113
  Objective   Previous studies on the association between lipid profiles and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have yielded inconsistent results and no defined thresholds for blood lipids.  Methods   A prospective cohort study including 32,351 subjects who completed baseline and follow-up surveys over 5 years was conducted. Restricted cubic splines and Cox models were used to examine the association between the lipid profiles and CKD. A regression discontinuity design was used to determine the cutoff value of lipid profiles that was significantly associated with increased the risk of CKD.  Results   Over a median follow-up time of 2.2 (0.5, 4.2) years, 648 (2.00%) subjects developed CKD. The lipid profiles that were significantly and linearly related to CKD included total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL-C/HDL-C were nonlinearly correlated with CKD. TC, TG, TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C showed an upward jump at the cutoff value, increasing the risk of CKD by 0.90%, 1.50%, 2.30%, and 1.60%, respectively, whereas HDL-C showed a downward jump at the cutoff value, reducing this risk by 1.0%. Female and participants with dyslipidemia had a higher risk of CKD, while the cutoff values for the different characteristics of the population were different.  Conclusion   There was a significant association between lipid profiles and CKD in a prospective cohort from Northwest China, while TG, TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C showed a stronger risk association. The specific cutoff values of lipid profiles may provide a clinical reference for screening or diagnosing CKD risk.
Spatial Heterogeneity and Risk Factors of Dental Caries in 12-Year-Old Children in Shanxi Province, China
Ruxia Hou, Tingting Yang, Jiajia Liu, Hao Chen, Wen Kang, Junming Li, Xiaotong Shi, Yi Liang, Junyu Liu, Bin Zhao, Xiangyu Wang
2024, 37(10): 1173-1183. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.102
  Objective   This study aimed to explore the spatial heterogeneity and risk factors for dental caries in 12-year-old children in Shanxi province, China.  Methods   The data encompassed 3,721 participants from the two most recent oral health surveys conducted across 16 districts in Shanxi Province in 2015 and 2018. Eighteen specific variables were analyzed to examine the interplay between socioeconomic factors, medical resources and environmental conditions. The Geo-detector model was employed to assess the impacts and interactions of these ecological factors.  Results   Socioeconomic factors (Q = 0.30, P < 0.05) exhibited a more substantial impact compared to environmental (Q = 0.19, P < 0.05) and medical resource factors (Q = 0.25, P < 0.05). Notably, the urban population percentage (UPP) demonstrated the most significant explanatory power for the spatial heterogeneity in caries prevalence, as denoted by its highest q-value (q = 0.51, P < 0.05). Additionally, the spatial distribution’s heterogeneity of caries was significantly affected by SO2 concentration (q = 0.39, P < 0.05) and water fluoride levels (q = 0.27, P < 0.05) among environmental factors.  Conclusion   The prevalence of caries exhibited spatial heterogeneity, escalating from North to South in Shanxi Province, China, influenced by socioeconomic factors, medical resources, and environmental conditions to varying extents.
Association between Residential Greenness and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Adults in Rural Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Leyao Jian, Bo Yang, Rulin Ma, Shuxia Guo, Jia He, Yu Li, Yusong Ding, Dongsheng Rui, Yidan Mao, Xin He, Xueying Sun, Shengyu Liao, Heng Guo
2024, 37(10): 1184-1194. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.085
  Objective  This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region.  Methods  We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used to estimate residential greenness. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors.  Results  Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence. After adjustments were made for age, sex, education, and marital status, for each interquartile range (IQR) increase of NDVI500-m, the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3% (OR = 0.897, 95% CI = 0.836–0.962), the risk of obesity by 20.5% (OR = 0.795, 95% CI = 0.695–0.910), the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1% (OR = 0.849, 95% CI = 0.740–0.974), and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5% (OR = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.825–0.971). Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4% (OR = 0.796, 95% CI = 0.716–0.885) for the same. Stratified analysis showed that NDVI500-m was associated more strongly with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and risk factor aggregation among male participants. The association of NDVI500-m with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level. PM10 and physical activity mediated 1.9%–9.2% of the associations between NDVI500-m and obesity, dyslipidemia, and risk factor aggregation.  Conclusion  Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang. Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.
Efficacy and Safety of Combined Bedaquiline and Delamanid Use among Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Beijing, China
Can Guo, Lihui Nie, Yanhua Song, Rongmei Liu, Xiaoguang Wu, Yuanyuan Shang, Xuxia Zhang, Yu Pang, Mengqiu Gao
2024, 37(10): 1195-1203. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.088
  Objectives  The combined use of bedaquiline and delamanid (BDQ-DLM) is limited by an increased risk of prolonging the QTc interval. We retrospectively evaluated patients who received DLM/BDQ-containing regimens at a TB-specialized hospital. We aimed to present clinical efficacy and safety data for Chinese patients.  Methods  This case–control study included patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treated with BDQ alone or BDQ plus DLM.  Results  A total of 96 patients were included in this analysis: 64 in the BDQ group and 32 in the BDQ + DLM group. Among the 96 patients with positive sputum culture at the initiation of BDQ alone or BDQ combined with DLM, 46 patients (71.9%) in the BDQ group and 29 (90.6%) in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion during treatment. The rate of sputum culture conversion did not differ between the two groups. The time to sputum culture conversion was significantly shorter in the BDQ-DLM group than in the BDQ group. The most frequent adverse event was QTc interval prolongation; however, the frequency of adverse events did not differ between the groups.  Conclusion  In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the combined use of BDQ and DLM is efficacious and tolerable in Chinese patients infected with MDR-TB. Patients in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion sooner than those in the BDQ group.
Endometrial Cancer Research Based on Gut Microbiomics and Metabolomics: An Analysis of Correlation and Differences
Dan Xu, Fengqin Xue, Ruifang Zhai, Sanyuan Zhang, Zhe Wang, Peiyue Yu
2024, 37(10): 1204-1207. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.145
Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Proteus mirabilis Harboring both blaNDM-1 and cfr genes
Meiqing Sun, Xiuhong Yang, Beibei Miao, Jingyi Zhang, Shuang Meng, Zhe Feng, Juan Li
2024, 37(10): 1208-1212. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.146
Effects of Seasonal and Temperature Variations on the Association between Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure and First-Aid Incidence for Neurological Diseases in Shenzhen, China
Tongyu Yang, Qingqing Wang, Yuchen Tian, Siyi Chen, Yilei Ma, Peng Wang, Suli Huang, Ji Peng, Jinquan Cheng, Jing Hu, Ping Yin
2024, 37(10): 1213-1220. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.147
Thyroid Nodule Prevalence and Iodine Nutrition: Influencing Factors in Coastal Areas
Lijin Wang, Jiani Wu, Xiaoyan Wu, Ying Lan, Meng He, Diqun Chen, Zhihui Chen, Muhua Wang
2024, 37(10): 1221-1226. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.164
Preparation and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Elimination Effect of Baicalein-Loaded Hyaluronic acid/β-Cyclodextrin grafted Chitosan Nanoparticles
Liting Lai, Wenyou Ding, Guoying Huang, Mengke Wang, Jinqing Chen, Liuzhen Lai, Xiuzhen Deng, Ling Tang, Xinyi Yu, Ya Huang, Thi Minh Hien Truong, Zhongbin Zhang, Wenya Ding
2024, 37(10): 1227-1231. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.160