Articles in press have been peer-reviewed and accepted, which are not yet assigned to volumes /issues, but are citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI).
Association between Metal(loid) Exposure and Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mediated by Anti-Müllerian Hormone among Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer
Shu Su, Mengyuan Ren, Yanqiu Feng, Changxin Lan, Lailai Yan, Qun Lu, Jia Xu, Bin Han, Lili Zhuang, Mingliang Fang, Bin Wang, Hongchu Bao, Bo Pan
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.154
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  Objective  To investigate the relationship and potential pathways between metal(loid) exposure and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women of childbearing age.   Methods  This case-control study included 200 patients with PCOS (cases) and 896 non-PCOS controls with the age of 25–37 years. The concentrations of 29 metal(loid)s in the follicular fluid (FF) and clinical indicators in the serum were measured in all participants. Logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were conducted to evaluate the associations between metal(loid) exposure and PCOS risk and investigate the possible roles of clinical indicators, respectively.   Results  Logistic regression analysis revealed an association between high copper levels in FF and increased PCOS risk (highest vs. lowest quartile: adjusted odds ratio = 2.94, 95% confidence interval: 1.83–4.72). A high luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio and elevated levels of testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were strongly associated with increased PCOS risk induced by high copper exposure. The mediation analysis indicated a mediating effect of AMH in the association between copper exposure and PCOS risk.   Conclusion  Copper may affect PCOS risk through the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, mediated by AMH. Copper exposure and internal AMH levels are important indicators for early warning of PCOS development.
Role of Gold Nanorods Functionalized by Nucleic Acid Nanostructures Carrying Doxorubicin in Synergistic Anti-Cancer Therapy
Hao Wu, Huangshui Ma, Xinghan Wu, Qiang Sun, Lin Feng, Ruifang Jiang, Yanhong Li, Quan Shi
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.152
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  Objective   Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of effective treatment approaches. Developing synergistic therapy can provide a highly promising strategy for anti-cancer treatment through combining the benefits of various mechanisms.  Methods   In this study, we developed a synergistic strategy for chemo-photothermal therapy by constructing nanocomposites using gold nanorods (GNRs) and tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNA) loaded with the anti-tumor drug doxorubicin (DOX).  Results   Our in vitro studies have systematically clarified the anti-cancer behaviors of tFNA-DOX@GNR nanocomposites, characterized by their enhanced cellular uptake and proficient lysosomal escape capabilities. It was found that the key role of tFNA-DOX@GNR nanocomposites in tumor ablation is primarily due to their capacity to induce cytotoxicity in tumor cells via a photothermal effect, which generates instantaneous high temperatures. This mechanism introduces various responses in tumor cells, facilitated by the thermal effect and the integrated chemotherapeutic action of DOX. These reactions include the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, characterized by elevated reactive oxygen species levels, the promotion of apoptotic cell death, and the suppression of tumor cell proliferation.  Conclusion   This work exhibits the potential of synergistic therapy utilizing nanocomposites for cancer treatment and offers a promising avenue for future therapeutic strategies.
miR-34c-3p Inhibits Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Development Via Inhibiting M2 Polarization of Macrophages
Yuzi Ji, Yujie Wang, Jiqing Ma, Zhihua Yin, Fei Liu, Yanzi Zang, Guangke Wang, Yong Tai
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.136
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  Objective  miR-34c-3p is down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The biological role of miR-34c-3p in NPC and its underlying mechanisms are unknown and were explored in this study.  Methods  Flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) and cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206) expression; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were employed to examine mRNA expression and protein levels; cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and transwell assays were employed to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed to assess pathological changes in tumor tissues.  Results  Our results revealed that the miR-34c-3p mimic markedly inhibited M2 polarization of macrophages by targeting SLC7A11, and M2 macrophages transfected with the miR-34c-3p mimic inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells. The in vivo experiments further confirmed that miR-34c-3p mimics blocked tumor growth and reduced inflammatory infiltration in tumor tissues.  Conclusions  This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of NPC and a new treatment strategy.
Shenlian Extract Protects Against Ultrafine Particulate Matter-aggravated Myocardial Ischemic Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Cell Apoptosis
Shuiqing Qu, Yan Liang, Shuoqiu Deng, Yu Li, Yue Dai, Chengcheng Liu, Tuo Liu, Luqi Wang, Lina Chen, Yujie Li
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.137
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  Objective  Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to ultrafine particulate matter (UPM, aerodynamic diameter < 0.1 µm) is associated with adverse cardiovascular events. Previous studies have found that Shenlian (SL) extract possesses anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties and has a promising protective effect at all stages of the atherosclerotic disease process. In this study, we aimed to investigated whether SL improves UPM-aggravated myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting inflammation and cell apoptosis.  Methods  We established a mouse model of MI+UPM. Echocardiographic measurement, measurement of myocardialinfarct size, biochemical analysis, ELISA, histopathological analysis, TUNEL, WB , PCR and so on were used to explore the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of SL in vivo and in vitro.  Results  SL treatment can attenuate UPM-induced cardiac dysfunction by improving left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and decreasing cardiac infarction area. SL significantly reduced the levels of myocardial enzymes and attenuated UPM-induced morphological alterations. Moreover, SL significantly reduced expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. UPM further increased the infiltration of macrophages in myocardial tissue, whereas SL intervention reversed this phenomenon. UPM also triggered myocardial apoptosis, which was markedly attenuated by SL treatment. The results of in vitro experiments revealed that SL prevented cell damage caused by exposure to UPM combined with hypoxia by reducing the expression of the inflammatory factor NF-κB and inhibiting apoptosis in H9c2 cells.  Conclusion  Overall, both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that SL attenuated UPM-aggravated myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting inflammation and cell apoptosis. The mechanisms were related to the downregulation of macrophages infiltrating heart tissues.
Trend of Relationship Models between Public and Private Hospitals in China Using Coopetition Theory
Peiqiang Yu, Zhan Shu, Yuanyuan Xu, Bo Sun
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.138
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Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles-Mumps-Rubella in Mainland China during 2014–2021
Zhuowei Li, Lele Deng, Jiandong Li, Xiang Ren, Guangxue He
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.135
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  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) between 2014 and 2021 and identify potential strategies and measures for the prevention and control of MMR in China.  Methods  Data on MMR was obtained from China’s National Notifiable Disease Reporting System for the period from 2014 to 2021. Spatiotemporal distributions were analyzed using SaTScan; temporal trends were analyzed using JoinPoint; and clusters were visualized using ArcGIS.  Results  A total of 1,808,067 cases of MMR were reported from 2014 to 2021 in mainland China, most of which were children and students under the age of 20. The incidence of measles declined during 2014–2021, whereas that of mumps and rubella peaked in 2019. MMR-reported cases generally peaked from March to July; however, high numbers of mumps cases were reported from September to November in 2020–2021. Measles and rubella clusters predominantly occurred in Western China, whereas clusters of mumps were generally found in the southern region.  Conclusion  The relatively heterogeneous epidemiological characteristics of MMR have highlighted the weaknesses and gaps in surveillance and timely control of MMR transmission in mainland China. Real-time and intelligent monitoring data should be collected for evidence-based early interventions.
Longitudinal Associations Between Vitamin D Status and Systemic Inflammation Markers Among Early Adolescents
Ting Tang, Xinhui Wang, Xue Wen, Min Li, Mengyuan Yuan, Yonghan Li, Xiaoqin Zhong, Fangbiao Tao, Puyu Su, Xihua Yu, Gengfu Wang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.139
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Spatial Heterogeneity and Risk Factors of Dental Caries in 12-Year-Old Children in Shanxi Province, China
Ru Xia HOU, Ting Ting YANG, Jia Jia LIU, Hao CHEN, Wen KANG, Jun Ming LI, Xiao Tong SHI, Yi LIANG, Jun Yu LIU, Bin ZHAO, Xiang Yu WANG
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.102
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  Objective   This study aimed to explore the spatial heterogeneity and risk factors for dental caries in 12-year-old children in Shanxi province , China.  Methods   The data encompassed 3,721 participants from the two most recent oral health surveys conducted across 16 districts in Shanxi Province in 2015 and 2018. Eighteen specific variables were analyzed to examine the interplay between socioeconomic factors, medical resources and environmental conditions. The Geo-detector model was employed to assess the impacts and interactions of these ecological factors.  Results   Socioeconomic factors (Q = 0.30, P < 0.05) exhibited a more substantial impact compared to environmental (Q = 0.19, P < 0.05) and medical resource factors (Q = 0.25, P < 0.05). Notably, the urban population percentage (UPP) demonstrated the most significant explanatory power for the spatial heterogeneity in caries prevalence, as denoted by its highest q-value (q = 0.51, P < 0.05). Additionally, the spatial distribution’s heterogeneity of caries was significantly affected by SO2 concentration (q = 0.39, P < 0.05) and water fluoride levels (q = 0.27, P < 0.05) among environmental factors.  Conclusion   The prevalence of caries exhibited spatial heterogeneity, escalating from North to South in Shanxi Province, China, influenced by socioeconomic factors, medical resources, and environmental conditions to varying extents.
blaNDM-1 Carried by a Transferable Plasmid in a Salmonella Strain Isolated from Healthy Individuals
ZENG Wei, LUO Ming, DU Pengcheng, LI Zhenpeng, PENG Yao, WANG Mengyu, ZHAO Wenxuan, ZHANG Huayao, LI Yang, LUO Pengjie, WU Yannong, XU Jialiang, LI Xu, LU Xin, KAN Biao
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.104
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  Objectives   Our study aimed to conduct genomic characterization of Salmonella strains carrying the blaNDM-1 gene in the intestinal tract of healthy individuals. The objectives were to underscore the importance of genomic surveillance for drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic bacteria among healthy populations, and to establish protocols for regulating drug resistance plasmids based on the completion of a comprehensive map of drug resistance plasmid genomes.  Methods  We performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing and employed second- and third-generation sequencing techniques to analyze Salmonella strains harboring the blaNDM-1 gene, to surveil drug-resistant bacteria in the intestines of healthy subjects. Sequence comparison was conducted using both core- and pan-genome approaches. Concurrently, conjugation experiments were carried out to assess the efficiency of plasmid transfer.  Results  We isolated a carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain from a healthy food worker in China. This strain harbored an IncHI2/IncHI2A plasmid carrying blaNDM-1 along with multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Our findings highlight the potential for asymptomatic carriers to facilitate the transmission of ARGs. Pan-genomic analysis revealed that blaNDM-1-positive plasmids could traverse bacterial species barriers, facilitating cross-host transmission.  Conclusions  This study marks the first detection of blaNDM-1 in Salmonella strains isolated from healthy individuals. We underscore the risk associated with the transmission of conjugative hybrid plasmids carrying blaNDM-1, which have the potential to be harbored and transmitted among healthy individuals. Enhanced surveillance of drug-resistant pathogens and plasmids in the intestinal microbiota of healthy individuals could provide insights into the risk of ARG transmission and pathways for population-wide dissemination via ARG transfer factors.
Global Research Trends in Traditional Chinese Medicine and COVID-19: A Comprehensive Bibliometric and Visual Analysis
Lei Zhang, Lin Tong, Zihan Jia, Dan Li, Songwang Wang, Qiujie Cai, Sihong Liu, Guangkun Chen, Ziling Zeng, Hongjie Gao, Yan Ma, Huamin Zhang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.163
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Effect and Mechanism of Action of BMSC-derived Exosomes on Gas Explosion-induced Blast Lung Injury
Xiaoying Li, Jing He, Meng Deng, Hui Fan, Xiaofei Jin, Xuedan Deng, Wenjie Ren, Sanqiao Yao, Wu Yao, Changfu Hao
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.161
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Preparation and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Elimination Effect of Baicalein-loaded Hyaluronic acid/β-Cyclodextrin grafted Chitosan Nanoparticles
Liting Lai, Wenyou Ding, Guoying Huang, Mengke Wang, Jinqing Chen, Liuzhen Lai, Xiuzhen Deng, Ling Tang, Xinyi Yu, Ya Huang, Thi Minh, Hien Truong, Zhongbin Zhang, Wenya Ding
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.160
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Construction of a Prognostic Model for Lysosome-dependent Cell Death in Gastric Cancer Based on Single-cell RNA-seq and Bulk RNA-seq Data
Peng Ni, Kaixin Guo, Tianyi Liang, Xinshuang Fan, Yanqiao Hua, Yangye Gao, Shuaiyin Chen, Guangcai Duan, Rongguang Zhang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.159
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  Objective  To identify prognostic genes associated with lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD) in patients with gastric cancer (GC).  Methods  Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using The Cancer Genome Atlas - Stomach Adenocarcinoma. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to identify the key module genes associated with LDCD score. Candidate genes were identified by DEGs and key module genes. Univariate Cox regression analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed for the selection of prognostic genes, and risk module was established. Subsequently, key cells were identified in the single-cell dataset (GSE183904), and prognostic gene expression was analyzed. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and the wound healing assay.  Results  A total of 4,465 DEGs, 95 candidate genes, and 4 prognostic genes, including C19orf59, BATF2, TNFAIP2, and TNFSF18, were identified in the analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicated the excellent predictive power of the risk model. Three key cell types (B cells, chief cells, and endothelial/pericyte cells) were identified in the GSE183904 dataset. C19orf59 and TNFAIP2 exhibited predominant expression in macrophage species, whereas TNFAIP2 evolved over time in endothelial/pericyte cells and chief cells. Functional experiments confirmed that interfering with C19orf59 inhibited proliferation and migration in GC cells.  Conclusion  C19orf59, BATF2, TNFAIP2, and TNFSF18 are prognostic genes associated with LDCD in GC. Furthermore, the risk model established in this study showed robust predictive power.
Activation of IP10/CXCR3 Signaling is Highly Coincidental with PrPSc Deposition in the Brains of Scrapie-infected Mice
Jia Chen, Cao Chen, Chao Hu, Wei Yang, Lin Wang, Dongdong Chen, Yuezhang Wu, Qi Shi, Xiaoping Dong
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.158
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  Objective  To analyze the relationship between Chemokine IP10 and its receptor CXCR3 during prion infection.   Methods  We investigated the increases in IP10 signals, primarily localized in neurons within the brains of scrapie-infected mice, using western blotting, ELISA, co-immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence assays, and RT-PCR.   Results  Both CXCR3 levels and activation were significantly higher in the brains of scrapie-infected mice and prion-infected SMB-S15 cells. Enhanced CXCR3 expression was predominantly observed in neurons and activated microglia. Morphological colocalization of PrPC/PrPSc with IP10/CXCR3 was observed in scrapie-infected mouse brains using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. IHC analysis of whole brain sections further revealed increased accumulation of IP10/CXCR3 specifically in brain regions with higher levels of PrPSc deposits. Co-immunoprecipitation and biomolecular interaction assays revealed the molecular interactions between PrP and IP10/CXCR3. Notably, a significantly larger amount of IP10 accumulated within prion-infected SMB-S15 cells than in the normal partner cell line, SMB-PS. Importantly, resveratrol treatment effectively suppressed prion replication in SMB-S15 cells, thereby restoring the accumulation and secretion pattern of cellular IP10 similar to that observed in SMB-PS cells.   Conclusion  Our data demonstrate that the activation of IP10/CXCR3 signaling in prion-infected brain tissues coincides with PrPSc deposition. Modulation of IP10/CXCR3 signaling in the brain represents a potential therapeutic target for mitigating the progression of prion diseases.
Impact of Laboratory Analytical Indicators on Positive Blood Culture Detection Rates: A Single Center Study
Di Wang, Lingli Liu, Ruirui Ma, Lijun Du, Guixue Cheng, Yali Liu, Qiaolian Yi, Yingchun Xu
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.157
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  Objective  Blood culture remains the gold standard for diagnosing bloodstream infections. Clinical laboratories must ensure the quality of blood culture processes from receipt to obtaining definitive results. We examined laboratory analytical indicators associated with positive blood culture results.   Methods  Blood cultures collected from Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. The mode of transportation (piping logistics delivery vs. staff), source of blood cultures (outpatient/emergency department vs. inpatient department), rotation of personnel, and time of reception (8:00–19:59 vs. 20:00–07:59) were compared between blood culture-positive and -negative results.   Results  Between 2020 and 2022, the total positive rate of blood culture was 8.07%. The positive rate of blood cultures in the outpatient/emergency department was significantly higher than that in the inpatient department (12.46% vs. 5.83%; P < 0.0001). The time-to-detection of blood cultures was significantly affected by the delivery mode and personnel rotation. The blood culture positive rate of the total pre-analytical time within 1 h was significantly higher than that within 1-2 h or > 2 h (P < 0.0170).   Conclusion  Laboratory analytical indicators such as patient source, transportation mode, and personnel rotation significantly impacted the positive detection rate or time of blood culture.
Relationship of Ambient Humidity with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Prospective Study of 24,510 Adults in a General Population
Congyi Zheng, Jiamin Wu, Haosu Tang, Xin Wang, Ye Tian, Xue Cao, Yixin Tian, Runqing Gu, Yuxin Song, Xuyan Pei, Jiayuan Qiu, Zujiao Nie, Minmei He, Gang Huang, Zengwu Wang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.156
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  Objective  This study aimed to explore the association between humidity exposure and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), utilizing follow-up data and relative humidity (RH) metric assessments.  Methods  We extracted the baseline data from the China Hypertension Survey (CHS) of 24,510 enrolled participants aged ≥ 35 years without a history of CVD between 2012 and 2015 and followed them up from 2018 to 2019. The National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) provided the quality-controlled relative humidity (RH) datasets. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD in relation to RH.  Results  During the follow-up period (2018–2019), 973 patients with CVD were identified. The HR of CVD risk was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.04–1.31) per 10% increase in summer mean RH. Compared with participants in the 3rd quintile group, those in the 1st and 5th quintiles of RH had a higher risk of CVD. For summer mean RH, the HRs (95% CIs) for the 1st and 5th quintiles were 1.34 (1.04–1.71) and 1.44 (1.14–1.83), respectively. The relationship (“U” shape) between summer mean RH and the risk of CVD was nonlinear. Stratified analyses indicated that the risk of CVD was substantially influenced by the summer mean RH in female, older individuals, and those in southern China.  Conclusion  Unsuitable (too high or low) humidity environments affect the risk of CVD. Our study highlights those future policies for adapting to climate change should consider the humidity–CVD relationship.
Homocysteine Levels and Determinants among Chinese Women at Mid-pregnancy, Late Pregnancy, and Postpartum
Zhenyu Guo, Hongtian Li, Yirui Ma, Ying Meng, Yubo Zhou, Jianmeng Liu
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.155
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  Objective   Data on homocysteine (Hcy) status and its determinants are limited among women during pregnancy and postpartum. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate Hcy levels during pregnancy and postpartum, and to explore the determinants like geographic factor.  Methods   This study was conducted in women at mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy and postpartum from southern, central and northern China. Approximately 132 women were included in each stratum by the three phases and regions. Plasma Hcy concentrations were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), with hyperhomocysteinemia defined as > 10.0 µmol/L. Quantile regression was to estimate medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs), and logistic regression to examine the determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia.  Results   For 1190 women included, the median (IQR) Hcy concentration was 5.66 (4.62, 7.37) μmol/L. The adjusted median in mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy and postpartum women was 4.75 (4.13, 5.54), 5.72 (4.81, 6.85) and 7.09 (5.65, 8.75) μmol/L, respectively, showing an increasing trend (P < 0.001). This increasing trend persisted across the three regions. Higher Hcy concentrations were observed in women residing in northern region and those with younger age or lower economic status. A total of 106 (8.9%) women had hyperhomocysteinemia, with a higher prevalence in those residing in northern region (16.0%), or in postpartum women (16.5%).  Conclusion   Hcy levels, varying with geographic region, maternal age and economic status, are increased from mid-pregnancy to late-pregnancy and postpartum, indicating a need to monitor Hcy levels in pregnant and postpartum women to controlling potential risks related to elevated Hcy levels.
PM2.5–Metabolic Syndrome Causal Association: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Fan Ding, Ning Ma, Shi Zhao, Qingan Wang, Zhanbing Ma, Yuhong Zhang, Yi Zhao, Yu Zhao
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.153
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Threshold-Effect Associations of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D on Bone Turnover Markers and GC rs2282679 Variants in Chinese Women of Childbearing Age
Xiaoyun Shan, Yuting Li, Xiayu Zhao, Yichun Hu, Siran Li, Huidi Zhang, Yang Cao, Rui Wang, Lichen Yang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.151
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The thresholds and the methods for estimating the optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] thresholds have not reached a consensus. Bone turnover markers (BTMs) as well as GC gene polymorphisms, were reported to be associated with vitamin D status. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate possible 25(OH)D cutoffs for the associations between 25(OH)D and BTMs, and how GC gene variation influences such cutoffs in Chinese women of childbearing age. In total, 1505 non-pregnant or non-lactating women (18–45 years) were recruited from the 2015 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance. Serum 25(OH)D, osteocalcin (OC), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), β-CrossLaps of type 1 collagen containing cross-linked C-telopeptide (β-CTX), and single nucleotide polymorphisms were determined. Locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplot and segmented regression were performed to estimate the 25(OH)D thresholds. The median serum 25(OH)D was 16.63 (11.96–22.55) ng/mL and the prevalence of low serum 25(OH)D (< 12 ng/mL) was 25.2%. Women with the lowest 25(OH)D had the highest β-CTX. After adjustment for the confounders, 25(OH)D cutoffs for OC [14.04 (12.84-15.23) ng/mL], β-CTX [13.94 (12.49–15.39) ng/mL], and P1NP [13.87 (12.37–15.37) ng/mL] in the whole population, cutoffs for OC [12.30 (10.68–13.91) ng/mL], β-CTX [12.23 (10.22–14.23) ng/mL], and P1NP [11.85 (10.40–13.31) ng/mL] in women with the GC rs2282679 G allele, and cutoffs for OC [12.75 (11.81–13.68) ng/mL], β-CTX [13.05 (11.78–14.32) ng/mL], and P1NP [12.81 (11.57–14.06) ng/mL] in women with the GC rs2282679 T allele, were observed. Below these cutoffs, BTMs were negatively associated with 25(OH)D, while above these cutoffs, BTMs plateaued. In Chinese women of childbearing age, there were thresholds effect of serum 25(OH)D concentrations on BTMs. The results indicated that serum 25(OH)D concentrations < 13.87 ng/mL in this population had adverse influences on maintaining bone remodeling. BTMs were suppressed at a relatively lower serum 25(OH)D in women with the GC rs2282679 G allele compared with those with the T allele.
Barriers to the Acceptance of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study in China
Jingjuan Ren, Fei Huang, Haifeng Chen, Huimin Zhang, Jianwei Sun, Ahui Zhao, Zuhui Xu, Liqin Liu, Huizhong Wu, Lanjun Fang, Chengguo Wu, Qingya Wang, Wenqian Zhang, Xinhua Sun, Xiaoping Liu, Jizheng Yuan, Bohan Chen, Ni Wang, Yanlin Zhao
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.150
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  Objective  We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) among people with latent TB infection (LTBI) in China.   Methods  A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18, 2023, to December 31, 2023 across 10 counties in China. According to a national technical guide, we included healthcare workers, students, teachers, and others occupations aged 15–65 years as our research participants.   Results  Overall, 17.0% (183/1,077) of participants accepted TPT. There were statistically significant differences in the acceptance rate of TPT among different sexes, ages, educational levels, and occupations (P < 0.05). The main barriers to TPT acceptance were misconceptions that it had uncertain effects on prevention (57.8%, 517/894), and concerns about side effects (32.7%, 292/894).   Conclusions  An enhanced and comprehensive understanding of LTBI and TPT among people with LTBI is vital to further expand TPT in China. Moreover, targeted policies need to be developed to address barriers faced by different groups of people.
Cover
2024-9 Cover
2024, 37(9).  
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2024-9 Contents
2024, 37(9): 1-2.  
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Special Report
Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2023: An Updated Summary
National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China
2024, 37(9): 949-992.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.162
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Since 1990, China has made considerable progress in resolving the problem of “treatment difficulty” of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The prevalent unhealthy lifestyle among Chinese residents has exposed a massive proportion of the population to CVD risk factors, and this situation is further worsened due to the accelerated aging population in China. CVD remains one of the greatest threats to the health of Chinese residents. In terms of the proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents in China, CVD has persistently ranked first. In 2021, CVD accounted for 48.98% and 47.35% of deaths in rural and urban areas, respectively. Two out of every five deaths can be attributed to CVD. To implement a national policy “focusing on the primary health institute and emphasizing prevention” and truly achieve a shift of CVD prevention and treatment from hospitals to communities, the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases has organized experts from relevant fields across China to compile the “Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China” annually since 2005. The 2024 report is established based on representative, published, and high-quality big-data research results from cross-sectional and cohort population epidemiological surveys, randomized controlled clinical trials, large sample registry studies, and typical community prevention and treatment cases, along with data from some projects undertaken by the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases. These firsthand data not only enrich the content of the current report but also provide a more timely and comprehensive reflection of the status of CVD prevention and treatment in China.
Original Article
Disparities in the Levels of Whole-Blood Epstein-Barr Virus between the Cancer and Non-Cancer Populations in Zhejiang, China
Qingjun Jia, Meichun Zeng, Qi Chen
2024, 37(9): 993-1002.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.101
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  Objective  This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in patients with and without cancer.  Methods  A total of 26,648 participants who underwent whole-blood EBV DNA (WBEBV) assays between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2023, were included. The chi-square test was used for categorical data analysis, and R software was used to analyze the differences in EBV DNA load levels and the diagnostic capabilities of WBEBV.  Results  Positive rates were 10.2% and 25.4% for healthy controls (HC) and patients, respectively. The positivity rate for EBV-associated neoplasms (EN) was the highest at 7.53%, followed by leukemia (Le) at 5.49%. The subgroup analysis showed that the positivity rate for abnormal proliferation or hyperplasia (APH) was 31.9%, followed by 30.5% for Le. The WBEBV of patients with transplants (TP), especially living-related transplants (LT), was the highest among all subgroups. WBEBV at diagnosis was used to differentiate between infectious mononucleosis (IM) and chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV), with a sensitivity of 67.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 57.6–75.8) and specificity of 72% (95% CI: 63.3–79.3). We conclude that the prevalence of EBV infection is low in the healthy population in this region and that a high EBV load at baseline is more common in LT, IM, and Lymphocyte Leukemia (LL).  Conclusion  This study used a large-sample survey to characterize the prevalence of whole-blood EBV levels in various diseases, including the stages and subtypes. The EBV detection rate was higher in patients with malignant disease than in those with benign disease. Our study provides clinicians with baseline information regarding EBV-associated diseases.
Projecting the Dynamic Trends of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Modeling the Epidemic in Sichuan Province, China
Yuan Li, Qinxi Liu, Rongsheng Luan, Yi Yang, Tao Wu, Bihui Yang
2024, 37(9): 1003-1014.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.080
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  Objective  Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status and dynamic trends of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in Sichuan, the second most heavily affected province in China, and to explore future interventions.  Methods  The epidemiological, behavioral, and population census data from multiple sources were analyzed to extract inputs for an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic model (AEM). Baseline curves, derived from historical trends in HIV prevalence, were used, and the AEM was employed to examine future intervention scenarios.  Results  In 2015, the modeled data suggested an adult HIV prevalence of 0.191% in Sichuan, with an estimated 128,766 people living with HIV/AIDS and 16,983 individuals with newly diagnosed infections. Considering current high-risk behaviors, the model predicts an increase in the adult prevalence to 0.306% by 2025, projecting an estimated 212,168 people living with HIV/AIDS and 16,555 individuals with newly diagnosed infections.  Conclusion  Heterosexual transmission will likely emerge as the primary mode of AIDS transmission in Sichuan. Furthermore, we anticipate a stabilization in the incidence of AIDS with a concurrent increase in prevalence. Implementing comprehensive intervention measures aimed at high-risk groups could effectively alleviate the spread of AIDS in Sichuan.
Epidemic Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Patterns of HFRS in Qingdao City, China, 2010–2022
Ying Li, Runze Lu, Liyan Dong, Litao Sun, Zongyi Zhang, Yating Zhao, Qing Duan, Lijie Zhang, Fachun Jiang, Jing Jia, Huilai Ma
2024, 37(9): 1015-1029.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.092
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  Objective  This study investigated the epidemic characteristics and spatio-temporal dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Qingdao City, China.  Methods  Information was collected on HFRS cases in Qingdao City from 2010 to 2022. Descriptive epidemiologic, seasonal decomposition, spatial autocorrelation, and spatio-temporal cluster analyses were performed.  Results  A total of 2,220 patients with HFRS were reported over the study period, with an average annual incidence of 1.89/100,000 and a case fatality rate of 2.52%. The male:female ratio was 2.8:1. 75.3% of patients were aged between 16 and 60 years old, 75.3% of patients were farmers, and 11.6% had both “three red” and “three pain” symptoms. The HFRS epidemic showed two-peak seasonality: the primary fall-winter peak and the minor spring peak. The HFRS epidemic presented highly spatially heterogeneous, street/township-level hot spots that were mostly distributed in Huangdao, Pingdu, and Jiaozhou. The spatio-temporal cluster analysis revealed three cluster areas in Qingdao City that were located in the south of Huangdao District during the fall-winter peak.  Conclusion  The distribution of HFRS in Qingdao exhibited periodic, seasonal, and regional characteristics, with high spatial clustering heterogeneity. The typical symptoms of “three red” and “three pain” in patients with HFRS were not obvious.
MicroRNA-451 from Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Inhibits Alveolar Macrophage Autophagy via Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway to Attenuate Burn-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats
Zhigang Jia, Lin Li, Peng Zhao, Guo Fei, Shuangru Li, Qinqin Song, Guangpeng Liu, Jisong Liu
2024, 37(9): 1030-1043.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.128
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  Objective  Our previous studies established that microRNA (miR)-451 from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUC-MSC-Exos) alleviates acute lung injury (ALI). This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which miR-451 in hUC-MSC-Exos reduces ALI by modulating macrophage autophagy.  Methods  Exosomes were isolated from hUC-MSCs. Severe burn-induced ALI rat models were treated with hUC-MSC-Exos carrying the miR-451 inhibitor. Hematoxylin-eosin staining evaluated inflammatory injury. Enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay measured lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β levels. qRT-PCR detected miR-451 and tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) expressions. The regulatory role of miR-451 on TSC1 was determined using a dual-luciferase reporter system. Western blotting determined TSC1 and proteins related to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and autophagy. Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to examine exosomes phagocytosis in alveolar macrophages and autophagy level.  Results  hUC-MSC-Exos with miR-451 inhibitor reduced burn-induced ALI and promoted macrophage autophagy. MiR-451 could be transferred from hUC-MSCs to alveolar macrophages via exosomes and directly targeted TSC1. Inhibiting miR-451 in hUC-MSC-Exos elevated TSC1 expression and inactivated the mTOR pathway in alveolar macrophages. Silencing TSC1 activated mTOR signaling and inhibited autophagy, while TSC1 knockdown reversed the autophagy from the miR-451 inhibitor-induced.  Conclusion  miR-451 from hUC-MSC exosomes improves ALI by suppressing alveolar macrophage autophagy through modulation of the TSC1/mTOR pathway, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.
DNA Methylation of KLRC1 and KLRC3 in Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Perspective of Different Water Iodine Exposure
Yao Chen, Jinjin Liu, Mengying Qu, Bingxuan Ren, Huaiyong Wu, Li Zhang, Zheng Zhou, Lixiang Liu, Hongmei Shen
2024, 37(9): 1044-1055.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.103
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  Objective   This study aimed to identify differentially methylated genes (DMGs) associated with natural killer cells in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), focusing on the influence of varying water iodine exposure levels.  Methods   Participants were divided into categories based on median water iodine (MWI) concentrations: iodine-fortified areas (IFA, MWI < 10 µg/L), iodine-adequate areas (IAA, 40 ≤ MWI ≤ 100 µg/L), and iodine-excessive areas (IEA, MWI > 300 µg/L). A total of 176 matched AIT cases and controls were recruited and divided into 89, 40, and 47 pairs for IFA, IAA, and IEA, respectively. DMGs were identified using 850K BeadChip analysis for 10/10 paired samples. Validation of DNA methylation and mRNA expression levels of the DMGs was conducted using MethylTarget™ and QRT-PCR for 176/176 paired samples.  Results   KLRC1, KLRC3, and SH2D1B were identified as significant DMGs. Validation revealed that KLRC1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed, whereas KLRC3 was hypermethylated and highly expressed in individuals with AIT. Furthermore, KLRC1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed in both IFA and IEA.  Conclusion   The DNA methylation status of KLRC1 and KLRC3 may play crucial roles in AIT pathogenesis. Additionally, DNA methylation of KLRC1 seems to be influenced by different iodine concentrations in water.
Summary Analysis of National Surveillance on Kashin-Beck Disease from 1990 to 2023
Silu Cui, Hui Liu, Junrui Pei, Jiaxin Li, Zhe Jiao, Qing Deng, Ning Liu, Yanhong Cao, Jun Yu
2024, 37(9): 1056-1066.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.109
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  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and epidemic situation of children with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in China, and provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures.  Methods  Fixed-point monitoring, moving-point monitoring, and full coverage of monitoring were promoted successively from 1990 to 2023. Some children (7–12 years old) underwent clinical and right-hand X-ray examinations every year. According to the KBD diagnosis criteria, clinical and X-ray assessments were used to confirm the diagnosis.  Results  In 1990, the national KBD detectable rate was 21.01%. X-ray detection decreased to below 10% in 2003 and below 5% in 2007. Between 2010 and 2018, the prevalence of KBD in children was less than 0.4%, which fluctuated at a low level, and has decreased to 0% since 2019. Spatial epidemiological analysis indicated a spatial clustering of adult patients prevalence rate in the KBD areas.  Conclusion  The evaluation results of the elimination of KBD in China over the last 5 years showed that all villages in the monitored areas have reached the elimination standard. While the adult KBD patients still need for policy consideration and care.
Protocol
Prospective Cohort Investigation on Physical Activity of Osteoporosis Outcomes (PAOPO) in Jidong: Objectives, Study Design, and Baseline Characteristics
Jingzhi Yang, Hao Shen, Sicheng Wang, Long Bai, Zhen Geng, Yingying Jing, Ke Xu, Yuhe Liu, Wenqian Wu, Hao Zhang, Yuanwei Zhang, Zuhao Li, Chuandong Wang, Guangchao Wang, Xiao Chen, Jiacan Su
2024, 37(9): 1067-1079.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.117
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  Objective  The aim of this study was to investigate the prospective association between physical activity (PA), independently or in conjunction with other contributing factors, and osteoporosis (OP) outcomes.  Methods  The Physical Activity in Osteoporosis Outcomes (PAOPO) study was a community-based cohort investigation. A structured questionnaire was used to gather the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed to assess OP outcomes, and the relationship between BMD and OP was evaluated within this cohort.  Results  From 2013 to 2014, 8,471 participants aged 18 years and older were recruited from Tangshan, China’s Jidong community. Based on their PA level, participants were categorized as inactive, moderately active, or very active. Men showed higher physical exercise levels than women across the activity groups. BMD was significantly higher in the very active group than in the moderately active and inactive groups. Individuals aged > 50 years are at a higher risk of developing OP and osteopenia.  Conclusion  The PAOPO study offers promising insights into the relationship between PA and OP outcomes, encouraging the implementation of PA in preventing and managing OP.
Letter to the Editor
Influence of Temperature and Humidity on the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Hainan, China, 2004–2018
Weixia Li, Xiaodan Wang, Bo Bi, Jingjing Lu, Zhengyuan Li, Li Cao, Hao Zhang
2024, 37(9): 1080-1085.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.144
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What Mice Can Teach Us about How to Stop Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Correct Chemotherapy Regimen and Patient Compliance are the Key
Igor Mokrousov, Tatiana Vinogradova, Marine Dogonadze, Maria Vitovskaya, Natalia Zabolotnykh, Sergei Chekrygin, Anna Vyazovaya
2024, 37(9): 1086-1090.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.084
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Estimation of Incidence of Herpes Zoster in Three Cities of China, 2019–2020
Qian Zhang, Wei Qin, Zhenshui Huang, Lilin Liang, Qianqian Hu, Yao Wang, Fan Pan, Feng Cui, Xinli Liu, Lin Tang, Xiaoqi Wang, Chao Ma, Fuzhen Wang, Zundong Yin
2024, 37(9): 1091-1094.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.115
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Effective Nucleic Acid Contamination Disinfection in Laboratory Settings using Ozone Gas
Yingyi Long, Linlin Liang, Xingyan Zhou, Fei Ren, Lu Wang, Peng Zhang, Jing Wang
2024, 37(9): 1095-1100.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.086
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Quantifying the Temperature Effects on the Morbidity of Digestive Diseases In an Inland Plateau-Valley City
Pan Ma, Yang Yang, Ning Zhou, Xinzi Wang, Yulu Wang, Wenjuan Feng, Zhaoqin Bai, Shigong Wang
2024, 37(9): 1101-1105.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.140
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Bone Injury and Fracture Healing Biology
Ahmad Oryan, Somayeh Monazzah, Amin Bigham-Sadegh
2015, 28(1): 57-71.   doi: 10.3967/bes2015.006
[Abstract](10971) [PDF 3875KB](4673)
Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2021: An Updated Summary
The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China
2022, 35(7): 573-603.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.079
[Abstract](13325) [FullText HTML](6300) [PDF 2336KB](6300)
The Serum Exosome Derived MicroRNA-135a, -193b, and-384 Were Potential Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers
YANG Ting Ting, LIU Chen Geng, GAO Shi Chao, ZHANG Yi, WANG Pei Chang
2018, 31(2): 87-96.   doi: 10.3967/bes2018.011
[Abstract](8001) [FullText HTML](2743) [PDF 11333KB](2743)
Burden of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Diseases Caused by Specific Etiologies in China, 1990−2016: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
LI Man, WANG Zhuo Qun, ZHANG Lu, ZHENG Hao, LIU Dian Wu, ZHOU Mai Geng
2020, 33(1): 1-10.   doi: 10.3967/bes2020.001
[Abstract](8651) [FullText HTML](3108) [PDF 2552KB](3108)
Effects of Short-Term Forest Bathing on Human Health in a Broad-Leaved Evergreen Forest in Zhejiang Province, China
MAO Gen Xiang, LAN Xiao Guang, CAO Yong Bao, CHEN Zhuo Mei, HE Zhi Hua, LV Yuan Dong, WANG Ya Zhen, HU Xi Lian, WANG Guo Fu, YAN Jing
2012, 25(3): 317-324.   doi: 10.3967/0895-3988.2012.03.010
[Abstract](5798) [PDF 528KB](2384)
Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2022: an Updated Summary
The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China
2023, 36(8): 669-701.   doi: 10.3967/bes2023.106
[Abstract](5289) [FullText HTML](2561) [PDF 1561KB](2561)
Trends in Lipids Level and Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults, 2002-2015
SONG Peng Kun, MAN Qing Qing, LI Hong, PANG Shao Jie, JIA Shan Shan, LI Yu Qian, HE Li, ZHAO Wen Hua, ZHANG Jian
2019, 32(8): 559-570.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.074
[Abstract](6478) [FullText HTML](2321) [PDF 3641KB](2321)
Stability of SARS Coronavirus in Human Specimens and Environment and Its Sensitivity to Heating and UV Irradiation
SHU-MING DUAN, Xin-sheng Zhao, RUI-FU WEN, JING-JING HUANG, GUO-HUA PI, SU-XIANG ZHANG, JUN HAN, SHENG-LI BI, LI RUAN, XIAO-PING DONG, SARS RESEARCH TEAM
2003, 16(3): 246-255.  
[Abstract](7151) [PDF 610KB](1771)
Protein Requirements in Healthy Adults:A Meta-analysis of Nitrogen Balance Studies
LI Min, SUN Feng, PIAO Jian Hua, YANG Xiao Guang
2014, 27(8): 606-613.   doi: 10.3967/bes2014.093
[Abstract](4346) [PDF 8784KB](1685)
Metabolomic Profiling Differences among Asthma, COPD, and Healthy Subjects: A LC-MS-based Metabolomic Analysis
LIANG Ying, GAI Xiao Yan, CHANG Chun, ZHANG Xu, WANG Juan, LI Ting Ting
2019, 32(9): 659-672.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.085
[Abstract](5108) [FullText HTML](1522) [PDF 2914KB](1522)
TaqMan Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Detecting and Differentiating Japanese Encephalitis Virus
SHAO Nan, LI Fan, NIE Kai, FU Shi Hong, ZHANG Wei Jia, HE Ying, LEI Wen Wen, WANG Qian Ying, LIANG Guo Dong, CAO Yu Xi, WANG Huan Yu
2018, 31(3): 208-214.   doi: 10.3967/bes2018.026
[Abstract](4410) [FullText HTML](1701) [PDF 4691KB](1701)
Evidence on Invasion of Blood, Adipose Tissues, Nervous System and Reproductive System of Mice After a Single Oral Exposure: Nanoplastics versus Microplastics
YANG Zuo Sen, BAI Ying Long, JIN Cui Hong, NA Jun, ZHANG Rui, GAO Yuan, PAN Guo Wei, YAN Ling Jun, SUN Wei
2022, 35(11): 1025-1037.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.131
[Abstract](2715) [FullText HTML](1283) [PDF 10064KB](1283)
Evaluating the Nutritional Status of Oncology Patientsand Its Association with Quality of Life
ZHANG Ya Hui, XIE Fang Yi, CHEN Ya Wen, WANG Hai Xia, TIAN Wen Xia, SUN Wen Guang, WU Jing
2018, 31(9): 637-644.   doi: 10.3967/bes2018.088
[Abstract](5724) [FullText HTML](1634) [PDF 31943KB](1634)
Application of Nanopore Sequencing Technology in the Clinical Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
ZHANG Lu Lu, ZHANG Chi, PENG Jun Ping
2022, 35(5): 381-392.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.054
[Abstract](2963) [FullText HTML](1526) [PDF 2174KB](1526)
Health Effect of Forest Bathing Trip on Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
JIA Bing Bing, YANG Zhou Xin, MAO Gen Xiang, LYU Yuan Dong, WEN Xiao Lin, XU Wei Hong, LYU XIAO Ling
2016, 29(3): 212-218.   doi: 10.3967/bes2016.026
[Abstract](2800) [PDF 803KB](1094)
Supplementation of Fermented Barley Extracts with Lactobacillus Plantarum dy-1 Inhibits Obesity via a UCP1-dependent Mechanism
XIAO Xiang, BAI Juan, LI Ming Song, ZHANG Jia Yan, SUN Xin Juan, DONG Ying
2019, 32(8): 578-591.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.076
[Abstract](4919) [FullText HTML](1232) [PDF 9101KB](1232)
The Emergence, Epidemiology, and Etiology of Haff Disease
PEI Pei, LI Xiao Yan, LU Shuang Shuang, LIU Zhe, WANG Rui, LU Xuan Cheng, LU Kai
2019, 32(10): 769-778.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.096
[Abstract](4872) [FullText HTML](2037) [PDF 2249KB](2037)
Protective Effect of Angiotensin (1-7) on Silicotic Fibrosis in Rats
ZHANG Bo Nan, XU Hong, GAO Xue Min, ZHANG Gui Zhen, ZHANG Xin, YANG Fang
2019, 32(6): 419-426.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.057
[Abstract](3697) [PDF 1328KB](1048)
Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control and Their Associated Socioeconomic Factors in China: A Spatial Analysis of A National Representative Survey
WANG Wei, ZHANG Mei, XU Cheng Dong, YE Peng Peng, LIU Yun Ning, HUANG Zheng Jing, HU Cai Hong, ZHANG Xiao, ZHAO Zhen Ping, LI Chun, CHEN Xiao Rong, WANG Li Min, ZHOU Mai Geng
2021, 34(12): 937-951.   doi: 10.3967/bes2021.130
[Abstract](3408) [FullText HTML](1652) [PDF 2205KB](1652)
Mutual Impact of Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis in China
CHENG Jun, ZHANG Hui, ZHAO Yan Lin, WANG Li Xia, CHEN Ming Ting
2017, 30(5): 384-389.   doi: 10.3967/bes2017.051
[Abstract](4138) [FullText HTML](1450) [PDF 671KB](1450)

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Vol 37, No 9

(September, 2024)

ISSN 0895-3988

CN 11-2816/Q

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